威威老師的文法特快車:be動詞與一般動詞 (BE Verb vs. General Verbs)

課程導航

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哈囉各位同學!我是威威老師。

上一篇你拿到了五大句型的「萬能鑰匙」。但你有沒有發現一件詭異的事——

為什麼 “She is happy” 變否定是 “She isn’t happy”, 但 “She likes pizza” 變否定卻變成 “She doesn’t like pizza”? 為什麼一個動詞自己變否定,另一個動詞還要找 do 來幫忙?

英文的動詞,其實分成兩個幫派——一邊是自帶武器的 be 動詞,一邊是需要請保鑣的一般動詞。今天我們就來認識這兩大幫派,搞清楚它們的勢力範圍和不同行事規則。

這一章看似簡單,實則藏著台灣學生前三大常犯錯誤——學會了,下次寫作文就少踩一半的地雷。

繫好安全帶 🚂


課前快問 (Pre-Quiz) — 三題小謎題

先憑直覺答,不要查資料

  1. 「He is happy.」改成否定句是什麼?
  2. 「She likes pizza.」改成疑問句是什麼?
  3. 「The soup tastes good.」為什麼是 good(形容詞)而不是 well(副詞)?

寫下答案再往下看 👇


一、英文動詞的兩大幫派

英文動詞分成兩大幫派,各有規矩,互不通用

幫派 A:be 動詞幫派 B:一般動詞
成員am, is, are, was, were, be, been, beingeat, go, play, study, like, love, run, …
本質狀態動詞(是什麼/在哪裡/什麼樣子)動作動詞(做什麼)
比喻像「等號 (=)像「箭頭 (→)
否定/疑問自帶武器——自己變身需要保鑣——找 do/does/did

💡 威威核心比喻:

  • be 動詞像等號: She is a teacher → She = teacher(描述身份/狀態)
  • 一般動詞像箭頭: She teaches English → She → English(動作射出去)

二、be 動詞全家族 — 一張表搞定 8 種變化

2-1 現在式 / 過去式 / 未來式 / 完成式

IYouHe/She/ItWeThey
現在amareisareare
過去waswerewaswerewere
未來will bewill bewill bewill bewill be
現在完成have beenhave beenhas beenhave beenhave been
過去完成had beenhad beenhad beenhad beenhad been

🎵 威威口訣(押韻版): 「I 配 am,you 配 are,is 跟著他/她/它,we / they 是複數家,全部都用 are!」 「過去 I/he 是 was,you / we / they 都用 were!」

2-2 be 動詞的三種用法(永遠是第二型!)

用法結構例句說明
be + 名詞S + be + NShe is a doctor.補語是名詞
be + 形容詞S + be + adjShe is beautiful.補語是形容詞
be + 介系詞片語S + be + prep phraseThey are at school.補語是位置/狀態片語

💎 回顧 00 五大句型 不管 be 後面接什麼,be 都把主詞和後面那個東西「等號」起來——所以 be 動詞句永遠是第二型 (S+V+C)。

🎯 be 動詞即時練習(5 題)

1. Fill in: They ______ at the library yesterday. (A) is (B) are (C) was (D) were

2. I ______ a doctor for ten years.(已經當醫生十年了) (A) am (B) was (C) have been (D) had been

3. 改錯:She and her sister is twins.

4. Choose the correct sentence: (A) The students are all at the gym now. (B) The students is all at the gym now. (C) The students were all at the gym tomorrow. (D) The students will at the gym now.

5. 翻譯:「他將來會是個好父親。」(用 will be)

寫好答案再往下看詳解 👇

解答與詳解


三、一般動詞 (General Verbs) — 三種人格

一般動詞按照「需不需要受詞」分成三種:

3-1 及物動詞 (Transitive Verbs) — 一定要受詞

後面必須接受詞——沒受詞句子就會「半截」。

測試法: 動詞後面問「what?」如果一定要回答,就是及物。

動詞範例
eat (吃)I eat rice.
like (喜歡)She likes music.
want (想要)He wants a job.
need (需要)We need help.
love (愛)They love dogs.
buy (買)She bought a car.
make (做)Mom made dinner.
see (看見)I see you.
know (知道)He knows the answer.
give (給)She gave me a gift.

3-2 不及物動詞 (Intransitive Verbs) — 自己就完整

後面不接受詞——自己就活得下去。

測試法: 動詞後面問「what?」沒答案,就是不及物。

動詞範例
sleep (睡)The baby sleeps.
arrive (抵達)They arrived.
die (死)The plant died.
happen (發生)Accidents happen.
smile (微笑)She smiled.
laugh (笑)We laughed.
run (跑)He runs every morning.
swim (游)I swim daily.
come (來)They come tomorrow.
go (去)We go now.

3-3 雙面動詞 — 兩種身分都行

看後面有沒有受詞,決定它是哪種人格。重點是看上下文,不要死背!

動詞不及物用法 (S+V)及物用法 (S+V+O)
singBirds sing.I sing a song.
playChildren play.They play basketball.
readShe reads at night.She reads a book.
eatWe eat at 6.We eat dinner.
writeHe writes for fun.He writes stories.
runShe runs fast.She runs a company.
driveI drive carefully.He drives a Tesla.
winWe won!We won the game.

🌟 威威鐵則:「不要背動詞分類,要看後面有沒有受詞。」 同一個動詞穿不同衣服可以扮不同角色——關鍵看戲服。

🎯 一般動詞即時練習(5 題)

1. Identify whether the verb is transitive (T) or intransitive (I): (a) The sun rises in the east. (b) She wrote a beautiful poem. (c) Time flies. (d) I’ll explain the rule later.

2. Choose the incorrect sentence: (A) She arrived at 9 PM. (B) He arrived the airport at 9 PM. (C) He arrived in Tokyo last night. (D) They arrived home safely.

3. Fill in: Children love ______. (A) play (B) playing (C) plays (D) played (注意:love 是及物動詞,後面接什麼?)

4. 改錯:My sister enjoys to read mystery novels.

5. Find the verb that’s used both transitively AND intransitively in this paragraph: “Yesterday, my friend ran home in the rain. He runs five miles every morning. Today he runs a small fitness studio downtown.”

寫好答案再往下看詳解 👇

解答與詳解


四、兩大幫派最大差異 — 否定句與疑問句的變法

這是全章最重要的觀念!考試出 100 題,至少有 30 題在考這個。

4-1 be 動詞:自帶武器,自己變身

句型規則例句
肯定直接用She is happy.
否定be + notShe is not happy. = She isn’t happy.
疑問be 提到主詞前Is she happy?
簡答Yes/No + 主詞 + beYes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

4-2 一般動詞:需要 do/does/did 當保鑣

句型規則例句
肯定直接用She likes pizza.
否定do/does/did + not + 原形 VShe doesn’t like pizza.
疑問Do/Does/Did + S + 原形 V?Does she like pizza?
簡答Yes/No + 主詞 + do/does/didYes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.

🚨 巨大陷阱: 一般動詞變否定/疑問時,do/does/did 出場後,原本的動詞要打回原形

❌ She doesn’t likes pizza. (likes 沒打回原形) ✅ She doesn’t like pizza. (打回原形)

❌ Does she likes pizza? ✅ Does she like pizza?

4-3 超級對照表(背下來考試多 20 分)

be 動詞一般動詞
肯定(現在)She is happy.She likes pizza.
否定(現在)She isn’t happy.She doesn’t like pizza.
疑問(現在)Is she happy?Does she like pizza?
肯定(過去)She was happy.She liked pizza.
否定(過去)She wasn’t happy.She didn’t like pizza.
疑問(過去)Was she happy?Did she like pizza?
肯定簡答Yes, she is.Yes, she does.
否定簡答No, she isn’t.No, she doesn’t.

🎵 威威口訣:「be 動詞自己來,一般動詞找 do 哥!」

4-4 中文母語者最常犯的混搭錯誤

錯誤類型 1:be + 一般動詞(兩個一起出場)

  • He is like pizza.
  • She was play piano yesterday.
  • 修正:He likes pizza. / She played piano yesterday.(不需要 be!)

錯誤類型 2:do + be 動詞(多此一舉)

  • She doesn’t be happy.
  • Does he be a doctor?
  • 修正:She isn’t happy. / Is he a doctor?(be 動詞自己變身,不需要 do!)

💎 黃金規則:be 動詞和一般動詞永遠不會同時當主動詞**。一個句子的主動詞只能是其中一種。 例外:be + V-ing(進行式)、be + V-pp(被動式)——這時候 be 是「助動詞」不是主動詞,會在 03 時式入門12 被動語態 詳解。

🎯 否定/疑問即時練習(5 題)

1. 把下列句子改成否定句: (a) He is my best friend. (b) She studies Japanese. (c) They went to Taipei last week.

2. 把下列句子改成疑問句: (a) She is reading a book. (b) You like ice cream. (c) He had dinner at 7.

3. 改錯:Does she likes spicy food?

4. Choose the correct response: “Did you finish your homework?” (A) Yes, I am. (B) No, I’m not. (C) Yes, I did. (D) Yes, I do.

5. 改錯:He doesn’t be at home now.

寫好答案再往下看詳解 👇

解答與詳解


五、連綴動詞 (Linking Verbs) — be 動詞的「親戚」

除了 be 動詞,還有一群「像 be 的動詞」——它們的行為跟 be 動詞一樣(後面接補語),但又不是 be 動詞。

5-1 連綴動詞家族

類型動詞中文
be 動詞am, is, are, was, were, be, been
感官五兄弟look (看), sound (聽), smell (聞), taste (嘗), feel (感覺)…起來
變化派become, get, grow, turn, go, come變成/變得
保持派remain, keep, stay保持
顯得派seem, appear似乎/顯得
證明派prove證明是

5-2 連綴動詞的核心規則:後面接補語(形容詞 / 名詞),不是副詞!

正確 ✅錯誤 ❌原因
The food tastes good.tastes well.well 是副詞
She looks beautiful.looks beautifully.beautifully 是副詞
The music sounds nice.sounds nicely.nicely 是副詞
He seems angry.seems angrily.angrily 是副詞
The leaves turned red.turned redly.redly 不是字
She remained silent.remained silently.silently 是副詞

💡 威威鐵則:看到連綴動詞後面要填空,第一個動作就是把所有 -ly 結尾的詞刪掉——它們八成是副詞。

5-3 隱藏陷阱:感官動詞的「雙重身份」

感官五兄弟(look, sound, smell, taste, feel)可以是連綴動詞也可以是及物動詞,看後面接什麼!

動詞連綴用法(後接形容詞)及物用法(後接受詞)
smellThe flower smells good.(花聞起來香)The dog smells the food.(狗聞食物)
tasteThe soup tastes salty.(湯嘗起來鹹)She tasted the wine.(她嘗了酒)
feelI feel cold.(我覺得冷)She felt his forehead.(她摸他額頭)
lookHe looks tired.(他看起來累)Look at the moon!(看月亮)

💎 判斷法:「連綴動詞 + 形容詞」是描述狀態,「及物動詞 + 受詞」是描述動作。 看一下中文翻譯:「…起來」是連綴;「對某物做…」是及物。

🎯 連綴動詞即時練習(5 題)

1. Fill in: (a) The cake smells ______ (delicious / deliciously). (b) She speaks ______ (clear / clearly). (c) He grew ______ (rich / richly) after years of hard work.

2. Choose the incorrect sentence: (A) The patient remained calm during the surgery. (B) Your idea sounds great. (C) She looks tiredly today. (D) The story turned tragic.

3. 改錯:The teacher feels happily about the students’ progress.

4. Identify whether “feel” is a linking verb (L) or a transitive verb (T): (a) I feel sleepy. (b) She felt the soft fabric. (c) The news feels disturbing. (d) Doctors should feel the patient’s pulse.

5. 翻譯:「這個計畫聽起來很危險。」(Use sound)

寫好答案再往下看詳解 👇

解答與詳解


六、考試陷阱大整理

學測必考的 4 大陷阱

陷阱 1:連綴動詞後面要接什麼?

看到 taste / smell / look / sound / feel / become / grow / seem 後面有形容詞 vs. 副詞選項 → 選形容詞!

陷阱 2:be 動詞 vs. do/does 助動詞

看主動詞:

  • 後面接形容詞/名詞 → 用 be 動詞
  • 後面接動作(一般動詞)→ 用 do/does/did

例題:He ___ happy every day. → is(happy 是形容詞,前面要 be 動詞) 例題:He ___ to school every day. → goes(go 是動作動詞,主詞三單加 s)

陷阱 3:助動詞後面永遠接原形動詞

❌ Does she likes pizza? ❌ Did he went home? ✅ Does she like pizza? ✅ Did he go home?

陷阱 4:be + 一般動詞混搭(中文邏輯造成的錯誤)

❌ He is play tennis. / He is like pizza. ✅ He plays tennis. / He likes pizza.

💎 一個句子的主動詞只能是 be 動詞或一般動詞——不能兩個一起出場。 例外:be + V-ing(進行式)、be + V-pp(被動式)——這時 be 是助動詞,不是主動詞。


章末總測驗 (Chapter Test) — 30 題

應試指引

30 題分三難度:基礎 (1-10) / 進階 (11-20) / 挑戰 (21-30)。 建議:基礎 5 分鐘 / 進階 10 分鐘 / 挑戰 15 分鐘 = 共 30 分鐘。先做題再對答,效果差 5 倍以上!


🟢 基礎題 (1-10):選擇 + 填空

1. I ______ a high school student. (A) am (B) is (C) are (D) be

2. She ______ to school by bus every day. (A) is (B) go (C) goes (D) does

3. They ______ at home yesterday afternoon. (A) are not (B) were not (C) is not (D) does not

4. ______ he like coffee? (A) Is (B) Does (C) Do (D) Was

5. The flowers smell ______. (A) sweetly (B) sweet (C) sweets (D) sweetness

6. We ______ play basketball on weekends. (A) am (B) does (C) do (D) is

7. My cat ______ very playful. (A) am (B) is (C) are (D) do

8. She ______ her homework right after dinner. (A) do (B) does (C) is (D) was

9. The weather ______ cold last winter. (A) is (B) was (C) were (D) did

10. ______ they your classmates? (A) Do (B) Are (C) Does (D) Is


🟡 進階題 (11-20):改錯 + 句型轉換

11. 改錯:He doesn’t likes spicy food.

12. 改錯:She is play the piano now.(提示:考慮現在進行式)

13. Choose the correct verb: “The cake ______ wonderful, and everyone ______ a slice.” (A) tastes / wants (B) taste / want (C) tastes / want (D) is taste / does want

14. 把「She studies Japanese.」改成否定句和疑問句。

15. 把「Tom and Jerry are best friends.」改成否定句和疑問句。

16. 改錯:My brother and I likes to swim in the pool.

17. Fill in with the correct verb form: “My grandmother ______ (be) 80 years old, and she still ______ (cook) for the family every day.”

18. Identify whether each verb is a linking verb (L), transitive verb (T), or intransitive verb (I): (a) She tasted the soup. (b) The soup tastes good. (c) She tastes carefully.

19. Find the error and fix it: “Did you went to the party last night?”

20. 翻譯:「他不是醫生,他是工程師。」(Use be verb in negation and affirmation)


🔴 挑戰題 (21-30):跨章節綜合

21. Choose all the correct sentences (multiple choice): (A) She is goes to the gym every day. (B) She goes to the gym every day. (C) She is going to the gym now. (D) She does goes to the gym every day.

22. 改錯:The new policy seems benefit to everyone.(提示:seems 後面要接什麼?)

23. Fill in: ”______ ______ at the meeting yesterday? — Yes, ______ ______.” (主詞用 you, 答話用 I) (請填入 4 個空格,組成完整的疑問與簡答)

24. Identify the verb pattern for each sentence: (a) The judge declared him innocent. → 第___型 (b) The detective declared the case closed. → 第___型 (c) She declared loudly that she was leaving. → 第___型 (註:declare 在不同句子中扮演不同角色)

25. Combine the two sentences using the correct verbs:

  • “He is a doctor. He works at City Hospital.”
  • 合併成一句,包含兩個動詞用法(be + 一般動詞)。

26. 找出下面段落中所有錯誤並改正: “My sister is study English at university. She doesn’t likes math, but she enjoys to read novels. Last weekend, she didn’t went home because she had a project.”

27. 翻譯下列三句並標明使用的動詞類型(be / 一般 / 連綴): (a) 這部電影很有趣。 (b) 我每天讀英文。 (c) 他生病了。(use 連綴動詞 fall)

28. 對話填空(注意 be 動詞和一般動詞的區別): A: ______ you tired? B: Yes, I ______. I ______ for ten hours yesterday.(提示:用 be 和 study) A: That ______ a lot!(提示:用 be 動詞表評論)

29. 找出下面句子中所有的「動詞」並標明類型: “My grandfather, who was a famous chef in Taipei, retired in 2005, but he still cooks for special occasions and feels happy when family gathers.”

30. 終極挑戰:分析下面的長句,找出主動詞並判斷其類型(be / 一般 / 連綴): “After working tirelessly for thirty years in the same factory, the loyal employee finally became the manager and remained dedicated to improving working conditions for everyone in the building.”


章末總測驗 解答與詳解


🟢 基礎題 解答


🟡 進階題 解答


🔴 挑戰題 解答


課前快問 解答

1. 「He is happy.」改成否定句? ✅ He is not happy. (He isn’t happy.) 解析:be 動詞自己變身——直接在 is 後面加 not。

2. 「She likes pizza.」改成疑問句? ✅ Does she like pizza? 解析:一般動詞需要找 do 哥——she 三單用 Does,原句的 likes 要打回原形 like。

3. 為什麼是 good 不是 well? ✅ 因為 tastes 是連綴動詞,後面接補語(形容詞 good),不是副詞 well。 連綴動詞 + 形容詞,是鐵律!記住這條,學測連綴動詞題你都不會錯。


自我評分

分數(30 題)等級建議
27-30🏆 威威等級be vs. 一般動詞完全內化!進入 02 代名詞
22-26🥈 穩健等級重點複習:助動詞後接原形、連綴動詞接形容詞、be 與一般動詞不混搭。
16-21🥉 加油等級把「超級對照表」(4-3 節)背熟,多練否定/疑問句的轉換。
0-15💪 再出發不要氣餒!把「兩大幫派比較表」貼在桌前,每天看 1 次,1 週後再考。

複習計畫

時間內容方式
今天全文 + 即時練習 + 章末測驗完整一遍
第 3 天重做錯題 + 否定/疑問句轉換不看解答
第 7 天連綴動詞家族默寫 + 翻譯 5 句主動回憶
第 14 天找一篇英文文章,標出每個動詞的類型實戰應用
考試前重看「4 大陷阱」(第六節)焦點複習

學習科學小知識:間隔重複 (Spaced Repetition)

心理學家艾賓豪斯 (Ebbinghaus) 發現:人類在學習後 24 小時內會忘掉 70%,但如果在「快忘記前」複習一次,記憶曲線會大幅延長——複習 4–5 次後,記憶幾乎可以保留終身。

這就是為什麼威威老師的複習計畫不是「天天讀」,而是「越拉越長」(1 天 → 3 天 → 1 週 → 2 週 → 1 個月)。每次都在你快要忘記的時候輕推一下,讓神經連結固化下來。

應用在這一章:be vs. 一般動詞的差異,就是中文母語者的「死穴」。一輩子寫英文都會在這裡犯錯——除非你用間隔重複徹底鎖死它。今天讀完不是結束,3 天後請回來再做一次


上一篇: 00 五大句型 下一篇: 02 代名詞 相關主題: 03 時式入門 | 10 疑問句與否定句