威威老師的文法特快車：倒裝句 (Inversion)
課程導航
哈囉各位同學！我是威威老師。
來，比較這兩句話：
A: “I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.” B: “Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset!”
意思一樣對吧？但第二句的氣場差 10 倍！
英文寫作家邱吉爾、馬丁路德金都愛用倒裝——它就像句子的「戲劇化開關」：把「重點」搬到句首，立刻製造驚嘆、強調、文學感。
倒裝句在分科測驗、GRE、學測進階題出現頻率超高——而且陷阱密布！Hardly 跟 No sooner 的搭配不一樣、名詞和代名詞倒裝規則不同、Not only 後面的助動詞要從哪冒出來…
今天威威老師帶你徹底搞定 8 大倒裝類型。
繫好安全帶 🚂
課前快問 (Pre-Quiz) — 複習 20 助動詞詳解
- You ____ have told me earlier; now it’s too late.（should / must / can）
- She ____ be at the office; her car is parked outside.（can’t / must / shouldn’t）
- I ____ leave now, or I’ll miss the train.（had better / would rather / used to）
解答
- should — should have + V-pp（後悔／責備）。
- must — 看到車 → 強烈推測。
- had better — 警告意味（or…）。
一、為什麼要倒裝？
倒裝句 (Inversion) = 把「強調的詞」搬到句首，動詞和主詞順序顛倒。
| 目的 | 說明 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 強調 | 重點搬句首 | Never have I seen such beauty. |
| 修辭 | 更正式、更文學 | Seldom does he complain. |
💡 威威白話：倒裝 = 「重點搬家」——讀者一眼就看到關鍵字。
🚨 基本公式：[強調詞] + 助V + S + 原形動詞（跟疑問句很像）
二、否定詞放句首 — 學測+GRE 最愛！
| 否定詞 | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| Never | 從不 | Never have I seen such beauty. |
| Rarely | 很少 | Rarely does she go out at night. |
| Seldom | 很少 | Seldom have I heard such nonsense. |
| Hardly | 幾乎不 | Hardly had I arrived when it rained. |
| Scarcely | 幾乎不 | Scarcely had she sat when the phone rang. |
| Not only | 不只 | Not only did he pass, but he also won. |
| Not until | 直到…才 | Not until yesterday did I learn the truth. |
| No sooner | 一…就 | No sooner had he left than it rained. |
| Nowhere | 到處都不 | Nowhere can you find a better deal. |
| Under no circumstances | 任何情況下都不 | Under no circumstances should you give up. |
| In no way | 絕不 | In no way am I responsible. |
| Little | 一點也不 | Little did I know what was coming. |
⚠️ Hardly/Scarcely vs. No sooner — 搭配陷阱！
| 結構 | 搭配詞 |
|---|---|
| Hardly + had + S + V-pp + when/before | when / before |
| Scarcely + had + S + V-pp + when/before | when / before |
| No sooner + had + S + V-pp + than | than |
🚨 絕對不能換！ Hardly…than ❌ / No sooner…when ❌
⚠️ Not until — 主句倒裝
| 原句 | 倒裝 |
|---|---|
| I didn’t learn the truth until yesterday. | Not until yesterday did I learn the truth. |
💡 Not until + 子句／時間（不倒裝）+ 主句倒裝！
🎯 否定詞倒裝即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: Never ______ such a beautiful sunset. (A) I have seen (B) have I seen (C) I saw (D) did I saw
2. Choose: Hardly had I closed the door ______ the doorbell rang. (A) than (B) when (C) that (D) then
3. Choose: No sooner had she left ______ it started raining. (A) when (B) than (C) that (D) before
4. Choose: Not only ______ the exam, but he also won an award. (A) he passed (B) did he pass (C) he did pass (D) passed he
5. Choose: Not until yesterday ______ the truth. (A) I learned (B) did I learn (C) I did learn (D) learned I
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(B) have I seen
第 2 題：(B) when — Hardly...when。
第 3 題：(B) than — No sooner...than。
第 4 題：(B) did he pass — Not only 倒裝。
第 5 題：(B) did I learn — Not until + 時間 → 主句倒裝。
三、Only + 副詞放句首 → 主句倒裝
| Only 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| Only then | Only then did I understand. |
| Only when | Only when you try will you succeed. |
| Only if | Only if you study can you pass. |
| Only after | Only after he left did I realize his value. |
| Only by | Only by practicing can you improve. |
💡 Only + 子句／副詞片語（不倒裝）+ 主句倒裝！
🎯 Only 倒裝即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: Only when you try ______ succeed. (A) you can (B) can you (C) you will (D) do you
2. Choose: Only by working together ______ this problem. (A) we can solve (B) can we solve (C) we solve (D) solving we
3. Choose: Only then ______ how much I had hurt her. (A) I realized (B) did I realize (C) I did realize (D) realized I
4. Translate: 「只有藉由實踐，你才能進步。」(Use Only by + V-ing)
5. Choose: Only after he apologized ______ him. (A) I forgave (B) did I forgive (C) I did forgive (D) forgave I
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(B) can you
第 2 題：(B) can we solve
第 3 題：(B) did I realize
第 4 題：Only by practicing can you improve.
第 5 題：(B) did I forgive
四、So / Such…that 倒裝
4-1 So + 形容詞/副詞 + 倒裝 + that
| 原句 | 倒裝 |
|---|---|
| The sunset was so beautiful that… | So beautiful was the sunset that… |
| He ran so fast that… | So fast did he run that… |
4-2 Such + 名詞 + 倒裝 + that
| 原句 | 倒裝 |
|---|---|
| His anger was such that… | Such was his anger that… |
| The beauty was such that… | Such was the beauty that… |
🎯 So/Such 倒裝即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: So beautiful ______ that I couldn’t take my eyes off it. (A) the painting was (B) was the painting (C) did the painting (D) the painting did
2. Choose: Such ______ that the audience burst into tears. (A) was her performance (B) her performance was (C) did her performance (D) her performance did
3. Choose: So fast ______ that nobody could catch up. (A) he ran (B) did he run (C) ran he (D) he did run
4. Convert: “The problem was so difficult that nobody could solve it.” → 用倒裝改寫
5. Convert: “His anger was such that he broke the vase.” → 用 Such 開頭倒裝
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(B) was the painting
第 2 題：(A) was her performance
第 3 題：(B) did he run
第 4 題：So difficult was the problem that nobody could solve it.
第 5 題：Such was his anger that he broke the vase.
五、地方副詞倒裝 — 名詞主詞才倒裝！
當 here / there / up / down / in / out 放在句首，主詞是名詞時要倒裝！
5-1 名詞主詞 → 倒裝
| 例句 |
|---|
| Here comes the bus. |
| There goes the bell. |
| Down came the rain. |
| Out rushed the children. |
| In walked the teacher. |
5-2 ⚠️ 代名詞主詞 → 不倒裝！
| 名詞主詞（倒裝） | 代名詞主詞（不倒裝） |
|---|---|
| Here comes the bus. | Here it comes. |
| There goes the bell. | There it goes. |
| Out rushed the children. | Out they rushed. |
💡 威威記法：「名詞太重 → 翻到後面；代名詞太輕 → 不動」
🎯 地方副詞倒裝即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: Here ______! (A) comes the bus (B) the bus comes (C) comes it (D) it comes
2. Choose: Here ______ at last!（she = 代名詞） (A) comes she (B) she comes (C) does she come (D) come she
3. Translate: 「鈴聲響了！」(Use There + 名詞 + 倒裝)
4. 改錯：Down come the rain heavily.
5. Choose: ______ rushed the children. (A) Out (B) Outside (C) Outwards (D) Outly
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(A) comes the bus
第 2 題：(B) she comes — 代名詞 → 不倒裝。
第 3 題：There goes the bell.
第 4 題：come → came
✅ Down came the rain heavily.
第 5 題：(A) Out
六、as / though 讓步倒裝 — 雖然…
6-1 結構
形容詞／副詞／名詞 + as/though + S + V = Although + S + V
6-2 例句
| 倒裝句 | = Although |
|---|---|
| Cold as it was, we went out. | Although it was cold… |
| Try as he might, he couldn’t pass. | Although he tried… |
| Child as he is, he knows a lot. | Although he is a child… |
6-3 ⚠️ 名詞提前 → 不加冠詞！
| 對 ✓ | 錯 ✗ |
|---|---|
| Child as he is, he knows a lot. | A child as he is… ❌ |
| Hero as he is, he never boasts. | A hero as he is… ❌ |
🎯 as/though 倒裝即時練習（5 題）
1. Choose: Cold ______, we decided to go swimming. (A) as it was (B) as was it (C) it was as (D) was it as
2. Choose: Child ______, he understands philosophy. (A) as he is (B) as is he (C) he is as (D) is he as
3. 改錯：A teacher as she is, she still learns every day.
4. Translate: 「不管他怎麼努力，都解不開謎題。」(Use Try as he might)
5. Choose: ______ as he might, he couldn’t open the door. (A) Try (B) Tries (C) Tried (D) Trying
寫好答案再往下看 👇
解答與詳解
第 1 題：(A) as it was
第 2 題：(A) as he is
第 3 題：刪除 A
✅ Teacher as she is…（名詞前不加冠詞）
第 4 題：Try as he might, he couldn't solve the puzzle.
第 5 題：(A) Try
七、考試陷阱大整理
倒裝句的 6 大陷阱
陷阱 1：Not only 後子句倒裝（but also 後不倒裝）
陷阱 2：Hardly/Scarcely + when/before；No sooner + than
陷阱 3：Not until 倒裝主句（不倒裝 Not until 後子句）
陷阱 4：Only + 副詞 → 主句倒裝（不倒裝 Only 後）
陷阱 5：地方副詞 + 名詞 → 倒裝；代名詞 → 不倒裝
陷阱 6：as/though 倒裝，名詞前不加冠詞
章末總測驗 (Chapter Test) — 30 題
🟢 基礎題 (1-10)
1. Never ______ such a beautiful sunset. (A) I have seen (B) have I seen (C) I saw (D) did I saw
2. Not only ______ the exam, but she also broke the school record. (A) she passed (B) did she pass (C) she did pass (D) passed she
3. Hardly had the game started ______ it began to rain. (A) than (B) when (C) that (D) then
4. Only when you face your fears ______ overcome them. (A) you can (B) can you (C) you will (D) do you can
5. So beautiful ______ that I couldn’t take my eyes off it. (A) the painting was (B) was the painting (C) did the painting (D) the painting did
6. Here ______. (A) comes the bus (B) the bus comes (C) comes it (D) it comes
7. No sooner had she arrived ______ the meeting began. (A) when (B) that (C) than (D) before
8. Seldom ______ to the movies. (A) goes he (B) he goes (C) does he go (D) he does go
9. Cold ______, we decided to go swimming. (A) as it was (B) as was it (C) it was as (D) was it as
10. Not until yesterday ______ the truth. (A) did I learn (B) I learned (C) I did learn (D) learned I
🟡 進階題 (11-20)
11. Under no circumstances ______ reveal the password. (A) you should (B) should you (C) you must (D) you will
12. Such ______ that the whole audience burst into tears. (A) was her performance (B) her performance was (C) did her performance (D) her performance did
13. Only by working together ______ this crisis. (A) we can solve (B) can we solve (C) we solve (D) solve we can
14. Rarely ______ someone so talented. (A) I meet (B) meet I (C) do I meet (D) I do meet
15. Child ______, he understands complex concepts. (A) as he is (B) as is he (C) he is as (D) is he as
16. Scarcely had I closed my eyes ______ the alarm went off. (A) than (B) when (C) that (D) then
17. Only after the test was over ______ how nervous I had been. (A) I realized (B) did I realize (C) I did realize (D) realized I
18. Here ______ at last!（she = 代名詞） (A) comes she (B) she comes (C) does she come (D) come she
19. Not only ______ English, but he also speaks French. (A) he speaks (B) does he speak (C) he does speak (D) speaks he
20. Try ______, he couldn’t solve the puzzle. (A) as he might (B) as might he (C) he might as (D) might he as
🔴 挑戰題 (21-30)
21. Nowhere in the world ______ such incredible food. (A) you can find (B) can you find (C) you find (D) find you
22. So fast ______ that the camera couldn’t capture him. (A) he ran (B) did he run (C) ran he (D) he did run
23. In no way ______ responsible for the accident. (A) am I (B) I am (C) do I (D) I do
24. Not until he lost everything ______ the value of friendship. (A) he understood (B) did he understand (C) he did understand (D) understood he
25. Only then ______ why she had been crying. (A) I understood (B) did I understand (C) I did understand (D) understood I
26. Convert to inversion: (a) “I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.” (b) “He not only passed the exam but also won a prize.” (c) “I didn’t learn the truth until yesterday.”
27. Find errors: (a) “Hardly I had arrived when the meeting started.” (b) “Not only he passed, but he also won.” (c) “Here it comes the bus.” (d) “A child as he is, he knows a lot.”
28. Translate three sentences: (a) 「我從未見過這麼美的景色！」(Use Never have I seen) (b) 「直到考試結束，我才意識到自己的緊張。」(Use Not until) (c) 「她剛離開，電話就響了。」(Use No sooner…than)
29. Choose: (a) Hardly had he sat down ______ the phone rang.（when / than） (b) No sooner had I arrived ______ the rain started.（when / than） (c) Scarcely had she finished ______ the door slammed.（when / than）
30. Terminal challenge—rewrite using inversion: “The teacher had never seen such bad behavior. The students not only failed the test but also disrupted the class. He didn’t realize the seriousness until the principal called him in. Although the situation was challenging, he handled it well.”
章末總測驗 解答與詳解
🟢 基礎題 解答
第 1 題：(B) have I seen
Never 倒裝。
第 2 題：(B) did she pass
Not only 倒裝（passed → did pass）。
第 3 題：(B) when
Hardly…when（固定搭配）。
第 4 題：(B) can you
Only when 倒裝。
第 5 題：(B) was the painting
So + adj + be + S。
第 6 題：(A) comes the bus
名詞主詞 → 倒裝。
第 7 題：(C) than
No sooner…than。
第 8 題：(C) does he go
Seldom 倒裝。
第 9 題：(A) as it was
as 後不倒裝（保持正常語序）。
第 10 題：(A) did I learn
Not until + 時間 → 主句倒裝。
🟡 進階題 解答
第 11 題：(B) should you
Under no circumstances 倒裝。
第 12 題：(A) was her performance
Such + be + S。
第 13 題：(B) can we solve
Only by 倒裝。
第 14 題：(C) do I meet
Rarely 倒裝（加 do）。
第 15 題：(A) as he is
名詞 + as + 正常語序。
第 16 題：(B) when
Scarcely…when。
第 17 題：(B) did I realize
Only after 倒裝。
第 18 題：(B) she comes
代名詞 → 不倒裝！
第 19 題：(B) does he speak
Not only 倒裝。
第 20 題：(A) as he might
動詞原形 + as + S + might。
🔴 挑戰題 解答
第 21 題：(B) can you find
Nowhere 倒裝。
第 22 題：(B) did he run
So + adv + did + S + 原形。
第 23 題：(A) am I
In no way 倒裝。
第 24 題：(B) did he understand
Not until + 子句 → 主句倒裝。
第 25 題：(B) did I understand
Only then 倒裝。
第 26 題：倒裝
(a) Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset. (b) Not only did he pass the exam, but he also won a prize. (c) Not until yesterday did I learn the truth.
第 27 題：找錯
(a) Hardly I had → Hardly had I（Hardly 倒裝：助動詞移到主詞前） (b) he passed → did he pass（Not only 倒裝：要加 do/did） (c) Here it comes the bus → Here comes the bus（名詞主詞時刪除多餘的 it；或改為 Here it comes，但兩者不能並用） (d) A child → Child（讓步倒裝句型 “N + as + S + V” 中名詞前不加冠詞）
第 28 題：翻譯
(a) Never have I seen such a beautiful view! (b) Not until the exam was over did I realize my nervousness. (c) No sooner had she left than the phone rang.
第 29 題：搭配
(a) when（Hardly…when） (b) than（No sooner…than） (c) when（Scarcely…when）
第 30 題：完整改寫（倒裝版本）
✅ 改寫範例： “Never had the teacher seen such bad behavior. Not only did the students fail the test, but they also disrupted the class. Not until the principal called him in did he realize the seriousness. Challenging as the situation was, he handled it well.”
改寫了 4 處：
- The teacher had never seen → Never had the teacher seen（Never 倒裝）
- The students not only failed → Not only did the students fail（Not only 倒裝）
- He didn’t realize until → Not until… did he realize（Not until 倒裝）
- Although the situation → Challenging as the situation was（讓步倒裝）
課前快問 解答
詳見前面解答區。
自我評分
| 分數（30 題） | 等級 | 建議 |
|---|---|---|
| 27-30 | 🏆 威威等級 | 倒裝句精通！進入 22 分詞構句。 |
| 22-26 | 🥈 穩健等級 | 重點複習：Hardly/Scarcely/No sooner 搭配、名詞 vs. 代名詞倒裝。 |
| 16-21 | 🥉 加油等級 | 把「否定詞倒裝表」+ Only/So/Such 倒裝記熟。 |
| 0-15 | 💪 再出發 | 從基本公式：[強調詞] + 助V + S 開始。 |
複習計畫
時間 內容 今天 全文 + 即時練習 + 章末測驗 第 3 天 默寫否定詞倒裝表 + Hardly/No sooner 搭配 第 7 天 寫 5 個倒裝句（每種類型 1 句） 第 14 天 找 1 段 GRE 閱讀，圈所有倒裝句 考試前 重看「6 大陷阱」
學習科學小知識：對比學習
把「易混淆的搭配」並排對比——記憶效果好 2-3 倍！
例如：
- Hardly…when vs. No sooner…than——把它們寫在同一張紙上對比。
- 名詞倒裝 vs. 代名詞不倒裝——並列例句。
- Not only 後倒裝 vs. but also 後不倒裝——一起記。
大腦對「差別」特別敏感——並排對比就是利用這個機制。