04 介系詞

威威老師的文法特快車：介系詞 (Prepositions)

課程導航

Previous: 03 時式入門 | Next: 05 連接詞

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哈囉各位同學！我是威威老師。

來，回答兩個問題：

• 「6 月在」用 in 還是 on？
• 「在桌上」用 on 還是 in？
• 「我對他生氣」用 with、to、還是 at？

如果你猶豫了一秒——這篇就是為你寫的。

英文介系詞只有大約 100 個常用字，但用錯它們就立刻露出「英文不是母語」的破綻——比文法更顯眼、比拼字更容易出包。介系詞是英文裡最「靠感覺」的部分，但威威老師會教你「怎麼用邏輯記住它的感覺」。

介系詞不只是規則，是英文人「看世界的方式」。學會它，你看英文不再是逐字翻譯，而是用英文母語者的角度感受空間和時間。

繫好安全帶 🚂

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課前快問 (Pre-Quiz)

先憑直覺答（複習 03 時式入門）：

1. She ______ (go) to school every day.
2. They ______ (play) basketball when I arrived. (過去進行)
3. I ______ already ______ (finish) my homework before dinner. (過去完成)

課前快問解答

1. goes — She 三單，現在簡單式 + es。
2. were playing — 過去某時正在進行 → 過去進行式。
3. had … finished — 過去某時間點之前已完成 → 過去完成式。

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一、介系詞是什麼？

介系詞 (Pre-position) = 「放在名詞前面」的字。

它的工作是當「橋樑」——把名詞跟句子的其他部分接起來，說明時間／空間／關係。

💡 威威核心比喻： 名詞是城市裡的建築物，動詞和形容詞想跟建築物產生關係，就需要一座橋——介系詞就是那座橋。

• I work at a bank. ← at 把 work 和 bank 串起來
• She is good at math. ← at 把 good 和 math 串起來
• The book on the table is mine. ← on 把 book 和 table 串起來

1-1 黃金鐵律：介系詞後面接什麼？

⚠️ 介系詞後面只能接名詞性質的東西——名詞、代名詞、或 V-ing（動名詞）。

後面接的東西	例子	對否
名詞	in the room	✓
代名詞	with me	✓
V-ing（動名詞）	good at swimming	✓
名詞片語	on the big red desk	✓
原形動詞	good at swim	✗
完整子句	in she is happy	✗

🚨 超重要：介系詞 + V-ing——這是學測必考！ ❌ I’m interested in read books. → ✅ I’m interested in reading books. 詳見第六節「介系詞 + V-ing」。

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二、時間介系詞：at / on / in — 「點 → 面 → 空間」

🎯 核心口訣：「at 點、on 面、in 空間」 ——時間範圍從最小到最大。

2-1 at — 精確時間「點」

用法	例子	中文
鐘點	at 3 o’clock	三點
正午	at noon	中午
午夜	at midnight	午夜
夜晚（一般用法）	at night	在晚上
特定時刻	at that moment	那個時刻
節日（指期間）	at Christmas / at Easter	聖誕節期間
年齡	at the age of 18	18 歲時

2-2 on — 特定日期 / 星期「面」

用法	例子	中文
星期	on Monday	星期一
日期	on May 1st	5 月 1 日
特定某天	on my birthday	我生日那天
節日（當天）	on Christmas Day	聖誕節當天
特定某天的時段	on Monday morning	星期一早上
週末（美式）	on the weekend	在週末

2-3 in — 較長時間「空間」

用法	例子	中文
月份	in January	一月
年份	in 2024	2024 年
季節	in summer	夏天
時段	in the morning / afternoon / evening	早上／下午／晚上
世紀	in the 21st century	21 世紀
多久之後	in three days	三天後

2-4 終極 at / on / in 對照表

範圍	介系詞	例子
點	at	at 6 PM, at noon, at midnight
面	on	on Monday, on May 1st, on my birthday
空間	in	in January, in 2024, in the morning

💎 特殊組合陷阱：

• in the morning = 一般早上（時段）→ in
• on Monday morning = 特定某天的早上 → on
• at night ≠ in the night（at 是慣用，in the morning/afternoon/evening 才用 in）

🎯 時間介系詞即時練習（5 題）

1. Fill in: I was born ______ June 15th, 2008.

2. Choose: The meeting starts ______ 10 AM ______ Monday. (A) at / on (B) on / at (C) in / on (D) at / in

3. 改錯：She always studies on the morning.

4. Fill in: The library opens ______ 9 AM and closes ______ 9 PM.

5. Choose: He finished his project ______ three hours.（在三小時內） (A) on (B) at (C) in (D) for

寫好答案再往下看詳解 👇

解答與詳解

第 1 題：on

✅ I was born on June 15th, 2008. 解析：June 15th 是特定日期 → on。但 2008 是年份，這裡作為「日期」的一部分（June 15th, 2008），整體用 on。 💎 對比：He was born in 2008.（單純年份用 in）／ He was born in June.（單純月份用 in）。

第 2 題：(A) at / on

✅ The meeting starts at 10 AM on Monday. 解析：10 AM = 精確時間 → at；Monday = 星期 → on。 💎 雙重時間表達：先精確時間 (at)，再放星期 (on)。

第 3 題：on → in

✅ 修正：She always studies in the morning. 解析：「早上」這個時段 → in（in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening）。 💎 例外：on Monday morning → 這時用 on（因為 Monday morning 整體是一個「特定時間」）。

第 4 題：at ... at

✅ The library opens at 9 AM and closes at 9 PM. 解析：9 AM 和 9 PM 都是精確時間點 → at。

第 5 題：(C) in

✅ He finished his project in three hours. 解析：「在 X 時間內」= in（時間範圍）。 💎 對比：

• in three hours = 三小時內完成（範圍）
• for three hours = 持續了三小時
• after three hours = 三小時後 三個介系詞語意都不同！

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三、地方介系詞：at / on / in — 「點 → 面 → 空間」

地方介系詞跟時間介系詞邏輯一樣——都是「點 → 面 → 空間」！

3-1 at — 地點「一個點」

例子	中文
at school	在學校
at the station	在車站
at home	在家
at the airport	在機場
at the bus stop	在公車站
at the door	在門口
at the corner	在轉角

💡 at 用於把地點當「地圖上的一個點」——不強調內部空間。

3-2 on — 表面 / 一條線

例子	中文
on the desk	在桌上
on the wall	在牆上
on the floor	在地板上
on the 2nd floor	在二樓
on the bus / train	在公車／火車上
on the river	在河邊／河上
on Renai Road	在仁愛路上

💡 on 用於「接觸某個表面」——可以是水平表面（桌面）、垂直表面（牆面）、或一條線（馬路）。

3-3 in — 內部空間 / 大區域

例子	中文
in the room	在房間裡
in the box	在盒子裡
in Taipei	在台北
in Taiwan	在台灣
in the ocean	在海裡
in the car	在車裡（注意：on the bus 但 in the car！）
in the picture	在照片裡

💡 in 用於「進入某個容器或大區域」——可以是物理上的內部（盒子裡）或抽象的範圍（國家、世界）。

3-4 公車 vs. 汽車——為什麼一個用 on 一個用 in？

交通工具	介系詞	原因
bus, train, plane, ship	on	大型交通工具，可以「上去」（on board）
car, taxi, helicopter	in	小型交通工具，「鑽進去」
bicycle, motorcycle, horse	on	騎乘的「跨上」

例句：

• I’m on the bus.（我在公車上）
• She’s in her car.（她在她的車裡）
• They rode on horseback.（他們騎馬）

💎 記法：「能站著走」用 on（公車、火車），「要彎腰鑽」用 in（汽車、計程車）。

3-5 經典陷阱：at the hospital vs. in the hospital

	美式	意思
at the hospital	(探病、辦事)	去醫院辦事，不一定是病人
in the hospital	(住院)	自己是病人，住院中

對比：

• My mom is at the hospital visiting Grandma.（媽媽在醫院（探視奶奶））
• My grandma is in the hospital.（奶奶住院中）

🎯 地方介系詞即時練習（5 題）

1. Fill in: She lives ______ Taipei, ______ Renai Road, ______ the 5th floor.

2. Choose: The cat is sleeping ______ the sofa. (A) in (B) at (C) on (D) to

3. Choose: “I met him ______ the airport ______ Tokyo.” (A) in / at (B) at / in (C) on / in (D) at / on

4. Translate: 「我把書放在桌子下面。」(Use under)

5. Find the error and fix: “My uncle works on a hospital in the doctor.”

寫好答案再往下看詳解 👇

解答與詳解

第 1 題：in / on / on

✅ She lives in Taipei, on Renai Road, on the 5th floor. 解析：

• 城市 (Taipei) = 大區域 → in
• 馬路 (Renai Road) = 線形表面 → on
• 樓層 (5th floor) = 表面 → on 💎 「越具體越用 on，越廣大越用 in」是常見直覺。

第 2 題：(C) on

✅ The cat is sleeping on the sofa. 解析：sofa 是一個表面 → on。

第 3 題：(B) at / in

✅ I met him at the airport in Tokyo. 解析：airport = 一個點 (at)；Tokyo = 城市/大區域 (in)。 💎 機場是相對「點」（一個地點），城市是「空間」（包含很多地點）。

第 4 題：I put the book under the table.

✅ 解析：under = 在…正下方。put + 受詞 + 介系詞片語 = 第三型 (S+V+O+地方副詞片語)。 💎 對比：

• under = 正下方（垂直對應）：The cat is under the table.
• below = 下方（不一定正下方）：The temperature is below zero.

第 5 題：兩個錯

原句：My uncle works on a hospital in the doctor. ✅ 修正：My uncle works at a hospital as a doctor. 解析：

• “works on a hospital” → on 是「在表面」，但工作是「在地點」→ 改 at。
• “in the doctor” → in 是「裡面」，但「以醫生身份」應該用 as。 💎 介系詞錯誤往往出在「中文邏輯硬翻」——英文有自己的搭配習慣。

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四、方向／移動介系詞 — 想像你在玩電動

這些介系詞描述「從一處到另一處」的方向：

介系詞	圖示	例句
to	A → B	I go to school.
into	外 → 內	She walked into the room.
out of	內 → 外	He went out of the house.
through	A 穿越 B（內部）	We walked through the park.
across	A → B（橫過表面）	He swam across the river.
along	沿著一條線	They walked along the river.
up	↑ 向上	He ran up the stairs.
down	↓ 向下	She went down the stairs.
toward(s)	→ 朝某方向	The dog ran toward me.
around	繞著	They sat around the table.
past	經過	I walked past the café.

4-1 經典對比：through vs. across

	through	across
本質	從內部穿過	從表面橫過
比喻	走在山洞裡面	走過斑馬線
例句	walk through the forest（穿越森林）	walk across the street（過馬路）
例句	drive through the tunnel（穿過隧道）	swim across the river（游過河）

4-2 經典對比：to vs. toward(s)

	to	toward(s)
本質	強調到達目的地	強調方向（不一定到）
例句	I went to Tokyo.（去了東京）	The car drove toward the city.（朝城市方向開去）

💡 to = 完成式（到了）；toward = 進行式（朝那邊去）。

🎯 方向介系詞即時練習（5 題）

1. Choose: The kids ran ______ the playground when the bell rang. (A) toward (B) through (C) at (D) on

2. Choose: We drove ______ the tunnel and arrived ______ Hualien. (A) across / in (B) through / in (C) along / at (D) into / on

3. Choose: The river flows ______ the city, dividing it in half. (A) along (B) through (C) into (D) across

4. 改錯：She walked across the forest in the dark.

5. Translate: 「孩子們繞著聖誕樹跑。」(Use around)

寫好答案再往下看詳解 👇

解答與詳解

第 1 題：(A) toward

✅ The kids ran toward the playground. 解析：「朝遊樂場跑」——強調方向，不確定到沒到 → toward。

第 2 題：(B) through / in

✅ We drove through the tunnel and arrived in Hualien. 解析：

• tunnel 是內部結構 → through
• Hualien 是城市（大區域）→ in
• 注意：arrive in + 大地方／arrive at + 小地方／arrive home（直接接 home）。

第 3 題：(B) through

✅ The river flows through the city. 解析：河流穿過城市的內部 → through。 💎 對比：

• flow through the city = 穿過（從內部）
• flow across the country = 橫越（從一邊到另一邊）
• flow along the border = 沿著（邊界）

第 4 題：across → through

✅ 修正：She walked through the forest in the dark. 解析：森林是內部空間 → through。across 是「橫過表面」（適合馬路、河、廣場）。

第 5 題：The children ran around the Christmas tree.

✅ 解析：around = 繞著。run around X = 繞著 X 跑。 💎 around 也可以表「在…附近」：He lives around here.（他住在這附近。）

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五、其他重要介系詞

5-1 常用介系詞速覽

介系詞	意思	例句
with	和…一起 / 用…	I eat with chopsticks. / He plays with friends.
without	沒有	I can’t live without water.
for	為了 / 給 / 持續	This gift is for you. / I studied for 3 hours.
of	…的（所屬／部分）	a cup of tea / the capital of Taiwan
about	關於	Let’s talk about the plan.
by	被／藉由／在…之前	written by him / by bus / by tomorrow
from	從… / 來自	I am from Taiwan.
between	之間（兩者）	between you and me
among	之中（三者以上）	popular among students

5-2 位置介系詞

介系詞	意思	例句
behind	在…後面	The cat is behind the door.
in front of	在…前面	A tree is in front of the house.
beside / next to	在…旁邊	Sit next to me.
between	在…之間（兩者）	between A and B
among	在…之中（三者以上）	She stood among the crowd.
under	在…正下方	The ball is under the table.
below	在…下方（不一定正下方）	Temperature is below zero.
over	在…正上方（覆蓋）	Put a blanket over him.
above	在…上方（不一定正上方）	The plane flew above the clouds.

5-3 between vs. among — 必考！

	between	among
使用	兩者之間	三者以上之中
後面結構	between A and B	among a group
例句	The choice is between A and B.	She stood among the crowd.

🚨 陷阱： between 後面要用 and！ ✅ between you and me ❌ between you with me

5-4 必背固定搭配（「形容詞 + 介系詞」/「動詞 + 介系詞」）

形容詞 + 介系詞

搭配	中文	例句
be afraid of	害怕	She is afraid of spiders.
be proud of	驕傲	I am proud of you.
be good at	擅長	He is good at math.
be bad at	不擅長	I am bad at sports.
be interested in	對…有興趣	She is interested in art.
be famous for	以…聞名	Taiwan is famous for night markets.
be different from	與…不同	This is different from that.
be similar to	與…相似	A is similar to B.
be angry with sb / at/about sth	對人/事生氣	Mom is angry with me.
be tired of	對…厭倦	I’m tired of this routine.
be worried about	擔心	She’s worried about her son.
be full of	充滿	The room is full of books.

動詞 + 介系詞

搭配	中文	例句
depend on	取決於	Success depends on hard work.
agree with sb / on sth	同意人/事	I agree with you / on the plan.
listen to	聽	Listen to me carefully.
wait for	等待	I’m waiting for the bus.
belong to	屬於	This book belongs to her.
look for	尋找	She is looking for her keys.
look after	照顧	I look after my brother.
look at	看	Look at the moon!
think about / of	想 / 想到	I’m thinking about you.
ask for	要求	He asked for help.

🎯 其他介系詞即時練習（5 題）

1. Fill in: This is a secret ______ you and me.

2. Choose: She is famous ______ her singing. (A) of (B) for (C) at (D) with

3. 改錯：I am angry to him because he lied.

4. Choose: He is the most popular student ______ his classmates. (A) between (B) among (C) with (D) for

5. Translate: 「我們依靠太陽能。」(Use depend on)

寫好答案再往下看詳解 👇

解答與詳解

第 1 題：between

✅ This is a secret between you and me. 解析：兩個人之間的秘密 → between，後面用 and。 💎 注意：是 between you and me，不是 between you with me！

第 2 題：(B) for

✅ She is famous for her singing. 解析：be famous for = 以…聞名（固定搭配）。

第 3 題：to → with

✅ 修正：I am angry with him because he lied. 解析：be angry with + 人 = 對某人生氣（固定搭配）。 💎 注意：對人用 with；對事可以用 about 或 at。

第 4 題：(B) among

✅ He is the most popular student among his classmates. 解析：classmates 是「一群人」（三人以上）→ among。 💎 對比：

• among = 在一群人/物之中
• between = 在兩者之間
• with = 跟…一起（不強調對比）

第 5 題：We depend on solar energy.

✅ 解析：depend on = 依靠（固定搭配）。

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六、介系詞 + V-ing — 學測超大魔王！

🚨 **黃金鐵律：介系詞後面如果接動作，一定要用 V-ing！

因為介系詞後面只能接「名詞性質」的東西，而 V-ing（動名詞）就是把動詞「名詞化」。

6-1 對錯比較

錯誤 ❌	正確 ✅	介系詞
I am good at swim.	I am good at swimming.	at + V-ing
She is interested in read.	She is interested in reading.	in + V-ing
Thank you for help me.	Thank you for helping me.	for + V-ing
He ran instead of walk.	He ran instead of walking.	of + V-ing
I look forward to see you.	I look forward to seeing you.	to (介系詞) + V-ing

6-2 高頻「介系詞 + V-ing」搭配

搭配	中文	例句
be good at + V-ing	擅長	She is good at dancing.
be interested in + V-ing	對…有興趣	He is interested in learning Japanese.
thank sb for + V-ing	感謝某人做…	Thank you for coming.
look forward to + V-ing	期待	I look forward to seeing you.
instead of + V-ing	而不是	Let’s walk instead of driving.
because of + V-ing/N	因為	He stayed home because of the rain.
be afraid of + V-ing	害怕做…	She is afraid of flying.
be proud of + V-ing	為…驕傲	I am proud of being a teacher.
after / before + V-ing	在…之後/之前	After finishing dinner, I watched TV.
by + V-ing	藉由	Learn English by reading more.
stop / prevent / keep sb from + V-ing	阻止…	Rain prevented us from going out.
spend time + V-ing	花時間做	I spent 2 hours studying.
have difficulty/trouble + V-ing	有困難做…	I have trouble sleeping.

6-3 ⚠️ 超經典陷阱：「to」的雙重身份！

「to」有時是介系詞，有時是不定詞 (to + V)——千萬不要搞錯！

to 是介系詞（後接 V-ing）	to 是不定詞（後接原形 V）
look forward to + V-ing	want to + V
be used to + V-ing（習慣於）	need to + V
object to + V-ing	decide to + V
pay attention to + V-ing	hope to + V
in addition to + V-ing	plan to + V
stick to + V-ing	agree to + V
be devoted to + V-ing	promise to + V
be opposed to + V-ing	refuse to + V

🎯 判斷法：

• 如果 to 的意思是「朝向某事物」→ 介系詞 → 接 V-ing
• 如果 to 的意思是「為了要做某事」→ 不定詞 → 接原形 V

例句：

• I look forward to hearing from you.（期待收到你的消息） → to 是介系詞（look forward to 整體 = 「期待…」）→ 接 V-ing。
• I want to hear from you.（我想要聽到你） → to 是不定詞（want + to + V）→ 接原形 V。

🎯 介系詞 + V-ing 即時練習（5 題）

1. Choose: I look forward to ______ from you soon. (A) hear (B) hearing (C) heard (D) hears

2. Fill in: Thank you for ______ (help) me with my homework.

3. 改錯：Instead of to walk, let’s take the MRT.

4. Choose: She is afraid of ______ alone at night. (A) walk (B) to walk (C) walking (D) walked

5. Find the error: “I am used to study late at night.”

寫好答案再往下看詳解 👇

解答與詳解

第 1 題：(B) hearing

✅ I look forward to hearing from you soon. 解析：look forward to 中的 to 是介系詞！後面接 V-ing。 💎 90% 學生會直覺選 (A) hear（看到 to 就想接原形）——這是經典陷阱！記住：look forward to / be used to / pay attention to / object to → 後面都接 V-ing！

第 2 題：helping

✅ Thank you for helping me with my homework. 解析：for 是介系詞 → 後接 V-ing。

第 3 題：to walk → walking

✅ 修正：Instead of walking, let’s take the MRT. 解析：instead of 中的 of 是介系詞 → 後面接 V-ing。

第 4 題：(C) walking

✅ She is afraid of walking alone at night. 解析：be afraid of + V-ing。

第 5 題：study → studying

✅ 修正：I am used to studying late at night. 解析：be used to = 「習慣於」——這個 to 是介系詞！後面接 V-ing。 ⚠️ 注意對比：

• I am used to studying.（我習慣讀書）→ used to 是介系詞片語，接 V-ing
• I used to study a lot.（我以前常讀書）→ used to 是助動詞片語，接原形 V 兩者意思完全不同！

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七、考試陷阱大整理

學測介系詞考題的 7 大陷阱

陷阱 1：時間介系詞 at/on/in 混淆

「at 點 / on 面 / in 空間」記熟。

陷阱 2：地方介系詞 at/on/in 混淆

同樣的邏輯——點/面/空間。

陷阱 3：next / this / last + 時間，不加介系詞！

• ❌ on next Monday
• ❌ in last summer
• ✅ next Monday / last summer / this week

陷阱 4：since vs. for

• since + 時間點：since Monday, since 2020
• for + 一段時間：for 3 hours, for 2 weeks

陷阱 5：介系詞 + V-ing

介系詞後面接動作 → V-ing！

陷阱 6：look forward to + V-ing 不是 + V

這個 to 是介系詞！

陷阱 7：固定搭配（記就是）

be famous for, be afraid of, be good at, depend on——沒有道理可講，背！

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章末總測驗 (Chapter Test) — 30 題

應試指引：30 題分三難度。先做題再對答！

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🟢 基礎題 (1-10)

1. The class starts ______ 8:30 ______ the morning. (A) at / in (B) at / on (C) on / in (D) in / at

2. My birthday is ______ March 15th. (A) in (B) on (C) at (D) to

3. The cat is sleeping ______ the sofa. (A) in (B) at (C) on (D) to

4. She was born ______ 2010. (A) on (B) at (C) in (D) by

5. I go to school ______ bus every day. (A) with (B) by (C) on (D) in

6. Thank you for ______ (help) me with my homework. (A) help (B) helping (C) to help (D) helped

7. The ball rolled ______ the hill. (A) through (B) across (C) down (D) along

8. She is good ______ playing the piano. (A) in (B) on (C) at (D) with

9. There is a bridge ______ the river. (A) above (B) over (C) on (D) through

10. He walked ______ the forest to get home. (A) across (B) along (C) through (D) over

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🟡 進階題 (11-20)

11. I look forward to ______ (hear) from you soon. (A) hear (B) hearing (C) heard (D) hears

12. The meeting is ______ next Monday ______ the afternoon. (A) on / in (B) in / on (C) on / on (D) ✗ / in

13. Please put the book ______ the table. (A) in (B) at (C) on (D) to

14. She has been studying ______ three hours. (A) since (B) for (C) from (D) during

15. The children ran ______ the street to catch the bus. (A) through (B) across (C) along (D) into

16. I can’t live ______ my phone. (A) with (B) without (C) by (D) on

17. The secret is ______ you and me. (A) among (B) between (C) in (D) with

18. He stood ______ his friends in the photo. (A) among (B) between (C) beside (D) across

19. Instead of ______ (drive), let’s take the MRT. (A) drive (B) driving (C) to drive (D) drove

20. Taiwan is famous ______ its night markets. (A) with (B) in (C) for (D) about

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🔴 挑戰題 (21-30)：易錯陷阱 + 寫作應用

21. Find the incorrect sentence: (A) She arrived at the airport at 3 PM. (B) I was born on July. (C) He is interested in learning English. (D) They walked through the tunnel.

22. Fill in 6 prepositions: “He lives ______ Taipei and works ______ a hospital ______ Renai Road. He goes to work ______ bus and starts ______ 8 o’clock ______ the morning.”

23. Find and correct 3 errors in: “I am good in swimming and I look forward to see you at the competition in next Saturday.”

24. Choose: “She swam across the pool” means: (A) 她游過了泳池（從一邊到另一邊） (B) 她游過泳池內部 (C) Both A and B (D) Neither

25. Find all correct sentences: (A) He has been sick since three days. (B) He has been sick for three days. (C) He has been sick since Monday. (D) He has been sick for Monday.

26. Translate three sentences using prepositions: (a) 我習慣每天早上喝咖啡。(be used to + V-ing) (b) 因為下雨，我留在家。(because of) (c) 透過閱讀，你可以學到很多。(by + V-ing)

27. Find error and explain: “My sister is afraid to spiders, so she avoids the garden.”

28. Identify “to” function: (a) “I want to learn French.” — to 是介系詞還是不定詞？ (b) “I look forward to learning French.” — to 是介系詞還是不定詞？ (c) “I’m used to learning new things.” — to 是介系詞還是不定詞？

29. Fill in 4 prepositions correctly: “Mary works ______ a tech company ______ Hsinchu. Every morning, she drives ______ work, listening ______ podcasts in the car.”

30. Terminal challenge—analyze the prepositions in this paragraph and explain why each is correct: “On rainy days, my grandma loves sitting by the window with a cup of tea, watching the raindrops on the glass. She remembers her childhood in Hualien, when she would play in the rain with her friends.”

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章末總測驗 解答與詳解

🟢 基礎題 解答

第 1 題：(A) at / in

8:30 是精確時間 → at；the morning 是時段 → in。

第 2 題：(B) on

March 15th 是特定日期 → on。

第 3 題：(C) on

sofa 是表面 → on。

第 4 題：(C) in

2010 是年份 → in。

第 5 題：(B) by

by + 交通工具（不加冠詞）= 搭乘。by bus, by train, by car。

第 6 題：(B) helping

for 是介系詞 → 後接 V-ing。

第 7 題：(C) down

球滾下山 → down（往下方向）。

第 8 題：(C) at

be good at = 擅長（固定搭配）。

第 9 題：(B) over

橋跨越河 → over 強調「跨越覆蓋」感。

第 10 題：(C) through

走進森林裡穿過 → through。across 是橫過表面（適合馬路、河、廣場）。

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🟡 進階題 解答

第 11 題：(B) hearing

look forward to + V-ing！to 是介系詞，不是不定詞。

第 12 題：(D) ✗ / in

陷阱題！next/this/last + 時間不加介系詞！但 the afternoon 是時段 → in。 ✅ The meeting is next Monday in the afternoon.

第 13 題：(C) on

書放在桌上（表面）→ on。

第 14 題：(B) for

for + 一段時間 = 持續。three hours 是一段時間 → for。 對比：since + 時間點（since 3 o’clock）。

第 15 題：(B) across

過馬路（橫過表面）→ across。

第 16 題：(B) without

without = 沒有。

第 17 題：(B) between

「你和我」兩個人 → between，後面 + and。

第 18 題：(A) among

friends 是一群人 → among。

第 19 題：(B) driving

instead of + V-ing。

第 20 題：(C) for

be famous for = 以…聞名（固定搭配）。

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🔴 挑戰題 解答

第 21 題：(B)

✅ (B) 錯誤：I was born on July. → 應改為 I was born in July.（月份 → in）

第 22 題：in / at / on / by / at / in

✅ He lives in Taipei and works at a hospital on Renai Road. He goes to work by bus and starts at 8 o’clock in the morning. 💎 完美整合 5 種介系詞，每一個對應不同的語境。

第 23 題：3 處錯誤

原句：I am good in swimming and I look forward to see you at the competition in next Saturday. ✅ 修正：

1. in swimming → at swimming（be good at + V-ing）
2. look forward to see → look forward to seeing（to 是介系詞，接 V-ing）
3. in next Saturday → next Saturday（next + 時間不加介系詞）

完整正確版：I am good at swimming and I look forward to seeing you at the competition next Saturday.

第 24 題：(A)

✅ across the pool = 從一邊游到另一邊。 💎 across 是「橫過表面」——泳池就像一個面，從這頭到那頭。through 是「穿過內部」（不太適合泳池）。

第 25 題：(B)(C) 正確

(A) ❌ since three days → since + 時間點，不能接「一段時間」 (B) ✓ for three days → for + 一段時間 (C) ✓ since Monday → since + 時間點 (D) ❌ for Monday → for + 一段時間，不能接時間點 💎 黃金規則：for + 一段時間 / since + 時間點！

第 26 題：翻譯

(a) I am used to drinking coffee every morning. 💎 be used to + V-ing = 習慣於。注意 to 是介系詞！ (b) Because of the rain, I stayed home. （或 I stayed home because of the rain.） 💎 because of + 名詞 / V-ing。對比：because + 子句 (because it rained)。 (c) By reading, you can learn a lot. 💎 by + V-ing = 藉由做某事。

第 27 題：to → of

✅ 修正：My sister is afraid of spiders. 解析：be afraid of（固定搭配）= 害怕。 💎 注意：be afraid + to V 也是合法（be afraid to swim = 害怕去游泳），但語意稍不同。be afraid of spiders 是「對蜘蛛感到恐懼」這個整體狀態。

第 28 題：to 的身份判斷

(a) “I want to learn French.” → 不定詞（want + to + 原形 V） (b) “I look forward to learning French.” → 介系詞（look forward to + V-ing） (c) “I’m used to learning new things.” → 介系詞（be used to + V-ing） 💎 判斷法：to 後面是 V-ing → 介系詞；to 後面是原形 V → 不定詞。

第 29 題：at / in / to / to

✅ Mary works at a tech company in Hsinchu. Every morning, she drives to work, listening to podcasts in the car. 解析：

• works at a company（公司是「點」）
• in Hsinchu（城市是「空間」）
• drives to work（方向：到工作地點）
• listening to podcasts（listen to = 固定搭配）

第 30 題：終極段落分析

“On rainy days, my grandma loves sitting by the window with a cup of tea, watching the raindrops on the glass. She remembers her childhood in Hualien, when she would play in the rain with her friends.”

介系詞	用法	解析
On rainy days	特定日子（雨天）	接近 on Monday 的邏輯
by the window	旁邊	by = next to
with a cup of tea	帶著／伴隨	with 表「伴隨」
on the glass	表面	雨滴在玻璃表面
in Hualien	城市/大區域	in + 城市
in the rain	在雨中（內部空間）	in + 環境
with her friends	和…一起	with = together with

💎 一段話用了 7 個介系詞，5 種不同用法——這就是英文母語者的「介系詞感覺」。學會看穿每個介系詞的「邏輯角色」，你也能擁有母語者的直覺。

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課前快問 解答

詳見前面解答區（第三節）。三題都已涵蓋。

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自我評分

分數（30 題）	等級	建議
27-30	🏆 威威等級	介系詞精通，進入 05 連接詞！
22-26	🥈 穩健等級	重點複習：to 雙重身份、固定搭配、next/this/last 不加介系詞。
16-21	🥉 加油等級	把固定搭配（5-4 節）逐個背熟。
0-15	💪 再出發	不要氣餒！每天背 5 個固定搭配 + 練 3 句。

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複習計畫

時間	內容
今天	全文 + 即時練習 + 章末測驗
第 3 天	固定搭配默寫 + 重做錯題
第 7 天	找一篇英文短文，圈出所有介系詞並判斷類型
第 14 天	寫一段「我的家鄉」，至少用 10 個介系詞
考試前	重看「7 大陷阱」 + 固定搭配表

學習科學小知識：上下文記憶 (Contextual Encoding)

認知科學家發現，記憶會「綁定」當時的情境——這叫「上下文記憶」。如果你只在書桌前背介系詞，考試時換個環境（教室、考場），記憶提取會變慢。

解決方法：換情境練習！

• 在家：書面練習。
• 在公車上：大聲念固定搭配。
• 看到生活中的東西：用英文造句（“The book is on the table.”）。

多情境的練習會讓記憶脫離特定環境，變成「隨時可調用」的資源。介系詞特別需要這種訓練——因為它們到處出現，所以記憶也要無處不在。

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