威威老師的閱讀教室：Text Completion & Sentence Equivalence (GRE TC/SE)
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Section 1：Text Completion (TC) Format
1.1 題目結構
Text Completion 題目給你一段文字，其中有一個、兩個或三個空格，你需要從每個空格對應的選項中選出正確答案。
| 類型 | 空格數 | 每格選項數 | 計分 |
|---|---|---|---|
| One-Blank TC | 1 | 5 | 一格全對才得分 |
| Two-Blank TC | 2 | 每格3個 | 兩格全對才得分 |
| Three-Blank TC | 3 | 每格3個 | 三格全對才得分 |
1.2 答題流程
Step 1: 讀完整段文字（不要先看選項）
Step 2: 根據上下文預測空格的意思
Step 3: 找出文中的線索詞（clue words）
Step 4: 看選項，找出符合預測的答案
Step 5: 代入驗證，確保邏輯通順
1.3 常見線索類型
| 線索類型 | 信號詞 | 作用 |
|---|---|---|
| 轉折 | however, yet, although, despite, nevertheless | 空格與前文意思相反 |
| 因果 | because, therefore, thus, consequently, hence | 空格是前文的結果或原因 |
| 遞進 | moreover, furthermore, additionally, indeed | 空格延續前文方向 |
| 定義 | that is, in other words, which means | 空格被直接定義 |
| 舉例 | for example, for instance, such as | 空格透過例子說明 |
Section 2：Sentence Equivalence (SE) Format
2.1 題目結構
- 一個句子，一個空格
- 六個選項，選出兩個正確答案
- 兩個答案必須產生意思相近的句子
2.2 關鍵規則
- 兩個答案必須是近義詞 (synonyms)
- 兩個答案都必須使句子邏輯通順
- 只選一個不計分，必須兩個都選
2.3 答題流程
Step 1: 讀句意，預測空格含義
Step 2: 從六個選項中先找一對近義詞
Step 3: 將這對近義詞分別代入驗證
Step 4: 如果都通順，就是答案
Step 5: 如果不通順，找另一對近義詞
Section 3：Strategy — Find Clues, Predict, Then Check
3.1 核心策略：先預測，再看選項
錯誤做法： 直接看選項，逐個代入嘗試。 正確做法： 先讀文意，根據線索預測答案方向，再找符合的選項。
3.2 預測練習
範例： Despite the professor’s reputation for being _____, her lecture was surprisingly engaging and accessible.
分析：
- “Despite” = 轉折，空格與 “engaging and accessible” 意思相反
- 預測：枯燥的、難懂的、沉悶的
- 選項：(A) lucid (B) opaque (C) enthralling (D) tedious (E) succinct
- 正確答案：(B) opaque — 難懂的
3.3 多空格策略
對於 Two-Blank 和 Three-Blank TC：
- 先找最有把握的空格（線索最明確的）
- 用已確定的空格縮小其他空格的範圍
- 全部填入後整體檢查邏輯
Section 4：Practice Questions
Text Completion (TC) — 10 Questions
TC-1 (One Blank): The diplomat’s speech was deliberately _____, designed to avoid committing to any specific position while appearing thoughtful.
(A) lucid (B) equivocal (C) hostile (D) concise (E) passionate
TC-2 (One Blank): The discovery of the ancient manuscript was _____ to historians, who had long believed that all records from that period had been destroyed.
(A) redundant (B) detrimental (C) superfluous (D) revelatory (E) irrelevant
TC-3 (One Blank): Although the novel’s plot was _____, its prose was so masterful that critics praised it as a work of genius.
(A) pedestrian (B) riveting (C) original (D) coherent (E) suspenseful
TC-4 (Two Blanks): The CEO’s plan to restructure the company was (i) _____ by the board, who argued that the proposed changes would (ii) _____ rather than solve the company’s problems.
Blank (i): (A) embraced (B) rebuffed (C) overlooked
Blank (ii): (D) exacerbate (E) illuminate (F) simplify
TC-5 (Two Blanks): The artist’s latest exhibition reveals a striking (i) _____ from her earlier work: while her previous paintings were characterized by restraint and subtlety, these new works are (ii) _____ in their use of color and form.
Blank (i): (A) continuation (B) departure (C) improvement
Blank (ii): (D) restrained (E) bold (F) cautious
TC-6 (Two Blanks): The scientist’s findings, far from being (i) _____, were actually quite (ii) _____ — they challenged fundamental assumptions that had dominated the field for decades.
Blank (i): (A) controversial (B) predictable (C) revolutionary
Blank (ii): (D) mundane (E) subversive (F) conventional
TC-7 (Two Blanks): The author’s writing style is so (i) _____ that readers often find themselves needing to reread passages multiple times; however, those who persevere are rewarded with insights of remarkable (ii) _____.
Blank (i): (A) accessible (B) opaque (C) engaging
Blank (ii): (D) superficiality (E) brevity (F) profundity
TC-8 (Three Blanks): The historian’s biography of the controversial leader was praised for its (i) _____ research but criticized for its (ii) _____ tone; some reviewers felt that the author was too (iii) _____ in her assessment, failing to acknowledge the leader’s significant flaws.
Blank (i): (A) exhaustive (B) superficial (C) biased
Blank (ii): (D) harsh (E) objective (F) laudatory
Blank (iii): (G) lenient (H) critical (I) indifferent
TC-9 (Three Blanks): Despite its (i) _____ beginnings as a small startup operating out of a garage, the company grew to become a (ii) _____ force in the industry, demonstrating that innovation can (iii) _____ limited resources.
Blank (i): (A) illustrious (B) humble (C) prosperous
Blank (ii): (D) negligible (E) dominant (F) marginal
Blank (iii): (G) be hindered by (H) be independent of (I) triumph over
TC-10 (Three Blanks): The philosopher’s argument, though (i) _____ in its logical structure, was ultimately unconvincing because it relied on a (ii) _____ that most contemporary scholars had already (iii) _____.
Blank (i): (A) flawed (B) impeccable (C) simple
Blank (ii): (D) proven theory (E) dubious premise (F) compelling narrative
Blank (iii): (G) embraced (H) disproved (I) ignored
Sentence Equivalence (SE) — 10 Questions
SE-1: The politician’s response to the scandal was entirely _____, offering no meaningful explanation or apology.
(A) forthcoming (B) evasive (C) transparent (D) equivocal (E) detailed (F) sincere
SE-2: The museum’s new wing was designed to be _____, with spacious galleries and abundant natural light creating an atmosphere of openness.
(A) cramped (B) austere (C) expansive (D) cavernous (E) cluttered (F) ornate
SE-3: Despite years of research, the cause of the disease remains _____; scientists have been unable to identify any definitive trigger.
(A) elusive (B) obvious (C) obscure (D) contagious (E) benign (F) preventable
SE-4: The professor’s criticism was so _____ that several students left the classroom in tears.
(A) constructive (B) withering (C) encouraging (D) devastating (E) gentle (F) insightful
SE-5: The author’s latest novel is a _____ work, spanning over 800 pages and covering three generations of a family.
(A) modest (B) monumental (C) trifling (D) epic (E) concise (F) superficial
SE-6: The company’s profits have _____ dramatically since the new management team took over, declining by nearly 60 percent.
(A) surged (B) dwindled (C) fluctuated (D) plummeted (E) stabilized (F) accumulated
SE-7: The scientist’s explanation was so _____ that even audience members with no background in physics could understand the basic concepts.
(A) obscure (B) lucid (C) convoluted (D) opaque (E) perspicuous (F) technical
SE-8: The region’s _____ climate, with temperatures rarely exceeding 20 degrees Celsius, makes it unsuitable for growing most tropical crops.
(A) temperate (B) tropical (C) frigid (D) moderate (E) arid (F) volatile
SE-9: The diplomat handled the crisis with remarkable _____, carefully avoiding any statement that might escalate the conflict.
(A) belligerence (B) tact (C) recklessness (D) diplomacy (E) aggression (F) enthusiasm
SE-10: The artist’s early work was largely _____, showing little of the genius that would later make her famous.
(A) unremarkable (B) brilliant (C) pedestrian (D) innovative (E) mediocre (F) revolutionary
Answer Key
Text Completion
TC-1: (B) equivocal
- 線索：“designed to avoid committing to any specific position” = 故意模糊
- equivocal = deliberately ambiguous (故意模稜兩可的)
- lucid = 清楚的；hostile = 敵對的；concise = 簡潔的；passionate = 熱情的
TC-2: (D) revelatory
- 線索：“who had long believed that all records… had been destroyed” → 發現意想不到的東西
- revelatory = revealing, providing new information (啟示性的)
- redundant = 冗餘的；detrimental = 有害的；superfluous = 多餘的；irrelevant = 不相關的
TC-3: (A) pedestrian
- 線索：“Although” = 轉折，與 “prose was masterful” 對比
- pedestrian = ordinary, unremarkable (平凡的)
- 注意：這裡測的是 “pedestrian” 的次要含義（平凡的），不是「行人的」
TC-4: (B) rebuffed / (D) exacerbate
- Blank (i): 被 board 反對 → rebuffed (拒絕)
- Blank (ii): 和 “solve” 用 “rather than” 對比 → exacerbate (惡化)
- embraced = 擁抱；overlooked = 忽略；illuminate = 闡明；simplify = 簡化
TC-5: (B) departure / (E) bold
- Blank (i): “while her previous paintings were… restraint” vs. new = 轉變 → departure (轉變)
- Blank (ii): 與 “restraint and subtlety” 相反 → bold (大膽的)
TC-6: (B) predictable / (E) subversive
- “far from being predictable” = not expected → they were subversive (顛覆性的)
- 注意：far from 後面接的是「表面看起來的樣子」，實際是相反
TC-7: (B) opaque / (F) profundity
- Blank (i): 需要重讀多次 → opaque (難懂的)
- Blank (ii): 與難懂形成對比，堅持的回報 → profundity (深刻)
TC-8: (A) exhaustive / (F) laudatory / (G) lenient
- Blank (i): praised for research → exhaustive (詳盡的)
- Blank (ii): criticized for tone → laudatory (讚美的)
- Blank (iii): failing to acknowledge flaws → lenient (寬容的)
TC-9: (B) humble / (E) dominant / (I) triumph over
- Blank (i): “small startup in a garage” → humble (卑微的起點)
- Blank (ii): grew to become a force → dominant (主導的)
- Blank (iii): innovation can overcome limited resources → triumph over (克服)
TC-10: (B) impeccable / (E) dubious premise / (H) disproved
- Blank (i): “though” = 讓步 → impeccable (無懈可擊的邏輯結構)
- Blank (ii): 邏輯好但不令人信服 → 基於可疑前提 → dubious premise
- Blank (iii): 學者已經做了什麼？→ disproved (已駁斥)
Sentence Equivalence
SE-1: (B) evasive / (D) equivocal
- 線索：“offering no meaningful explanation” = 不提供有意義的解釋
- evasive = 回避的；equivocal = 模稜兩可的
- 兩者都是「不直接回答」的近義詞
SE-2: (C) expansive / (D) cavernous
- 線索：“spacious galleries and abundant natural light” = 寬敞
- expansive = 寬敞的；cavernous = 像洞穴般寬大的
- 兩者都表示「空間大」
SE-3: (A) elusive / (C) obscure
- 線索：“unable to identify any definitive trigger” = 找不到確切原因
- elusive = 難以捉摸的；obscure = 不清楚的
- 兩者都表示「難以確定」
SE-4: (B) withering / (D) devastating
- 線索：“several students left the classroom in tears” = 嚴厲到讓人哭
- withering = 極其嚴厲的；devastating = 毀滅性的
- 兩者都表示「非常嚴厲的批評」
SE-5: (B) monumental / (D) epic
- 線索：“over 800 pages and covering three generations” = 非常大規模
- monumental = 巨大的；epic = 史詩般的
- 兩者都表示「大規模的、重要的」
SE-6: (B) dwindled / (D) plummeted
- 線索：“declining by nearly 60 percent” = 大幅下降
- dwindled = 逐漸減少；plummeted = 暴跌
- 兩者都表示「大幅下降」
SE-7: (B) lucid / (E) perspicuous
- 線索：“even audience members with no background… could understand” = 很清楚
- lucid = 清楚的；perspicuous = 清晰易懂的
- 兩者是近義詞，都表示「清楚明白」
SE-8: (A) temperate / (D) moderate
- 線索：“rarely exceeding 20 degrees Celsius” + “unsuitable for tropical crops” = 溫帶的
- temperate = 溫帶的；moderate = 溫和的
- 兩者都表示「氣候溫和」
SE-9: (B) tact / (D) diplomacy
- 線索：“carefully avoiding any statement that might escalate” = 謹慎處理
- tact = 機智得體；diplomacy = 外交手腕
- 兩者都表示「處理敏感事務的技巧」
SE-10: (A) unremarkable / (C) pedestrian
- 線索：“showing little of the genius” = 沒什麼特別的
- unremarkable = 平庸的；pedestrian = 平凡的
- 兩者都表示「普通的、不出色的」
TC/SE 核心字彙清單
以下詞彙在 GRE TC/SE 中極常出現，務必熟記：
正向態度： lucid, perspicuous, astute, sagacious, erudite, exhaustive, meticulous
負向態度： equivocal, evasive, opaque, pedestrian, mediocre, superficial, specious
程度-強： devastating, withering, monumental, paramount, ubiquitous, unprecedented
程度-弱： modest, marginal, negligible, trifling, perfunctory, cursory
轉變： departure, shift, transformation, metamorphosis, paradigm shift
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