TOEIC 講義

🚧 项目: TOEIC 講義

🎯 项目目标

项目的最终成果描述或项目期望达成的具体成果

應答問題，25題三選一，不會印題目和選項

英文助動詞詳解

助動詞（Auxiliary Verbs/MODAL VERBS）又稱為情態動詞，用來表達說話者的態度、能力、許可、必要性或推測。它們通常與主要動詞的原形（或不帶to的不定詞）一起使用，用來修飾主要動詞的意義。

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1. Can / Could

• Can：表達「能力」、「許可」（口語常用）、「可能性」。
  • 例句：I can swim.（能力）/ You can leave now.（許可）/ It can be rainy tomorrow.（可能性）
• Could：
  • 作為 can 的過去式，表示過去的能力或許可。
    • 例句：I could run fast when I was young.（過去能力）
  • 用於現在或未來，語氣更禮貌、更不確定。
    • 例句：Could I use your phone?（比 Can I… 更禮貌）/ It could rain later.（可能性，比 can 不確定）
  • 用於虛擬語氣或假設句。
    • 例句：If I had time, I could help you.

考試要點：區分 can（現在能力/許可）與 could（禮貌請求/過去能力/較弱可能性）。

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2. May / Might

• May：表達「正式的許可」、「可能性（較高）」。
  • 例句：You may begin the exam.（正式許可）/ She may attend the meeting.（可能性）
• Might：
  • 表達「可能性（比 may 更低）」。
    • 例句：He might be late; his car isn’t working.（可能性很低）
  • 用於虛擬語氣或委婉建議。
    • 例句：You might want to check this document again.（委婉建議）

考試要點：may not 表示「可能不」；might not 表示「也許不」，否定可能性。在表示可能性時，might 的可能性程度低於 may。

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3. Must / Have to

• Must：表達「強烈的義務或必要性（主觀，來自說話者）」、「肯定的推測」。
  • 例句：You must finish your homework.（主觀命令，我要求你）/ The lights are on; he must be at home.（肯定推測，一定是）
  • 否定形式 must not (mustn’t) 表示「禁止」，而非「不必」。
• Have to：表達「外來的義務或必要性（客觀，來自規則或情況）」。
  • 例句：I have to wear a uniform at school.（校規規定）
  • 否定形式 don’t have to 表示「不必」，等同於 need not。

考試要點：這是多益高頻考點。務必區分：

• must vs. have to（主觀義務 vs. 客觀必要）
• mustn't（禁止） vs. don't have to（不必）

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4. Need / Dare

• Need：
  • 可作一般動詞（need to do）或助動詞（need do，多用於否定句或疑問句）。
  • 例句（一般動詞）：You need to study harder.
  • 例句（助動詞）：You needn’t worry.（= You don’t need to worry.）
• Dare：
  • 同樣可作一般動詞（dare to do）或助動詞（dare do），意為「敢」。
  • 多用於疑問句、否定句或條件句。
  • 例句：How dare you say that!（助動詞）/ She doesn’t dare to ask.（一般動詞）

考試要點：need 作為助動詞時，後面直接加動詞原形，且沒有時態變化（如 needs, needed）。多益常考 needn't have + PP（過去本不必做但做了）的句型。

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5. Should / Ought to

• Should：表達「責任、義務或建議」（語氣比 must 弱）、「合理的推測」。
  • 例句：You should apologize to her.（建議）/ The package should arrive tomorrow.（合理推測）
• Ought to：意義與 should 幾乎相同，但語氣稍強，更側重於道德義務或客觀正確性。
  • 例句：We ought to protect the environment.（道義上應該）

考試要點：should 比 ought to 更常用。should have + PP 表示「過去本應該做但未做」，是多益必考的重點句型。

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6. Will / Would

• Will：
  • 表達未來時間或決定、意願。
    • 例句：I will call you tomorrow.（未來）/ I will help you.（意願）
  • 表示習慣或傾向。
    • 例句：Boys will be boys.（本性如此）
• Would：
  • 作為 will 的過去式，用於過去將來時。
  • 表達禮貌的請求或提議（比 will 更客氣）。
    • 例句：Would you please pass the salt?（禮貌請求）
  • 描述過去的習慣（類似 used to）。
    • 例句：When I was a child, I would visit my grandma every summer.
  • 用於虛擬語氣或假設句。
    • 例句：If I were you, I would accept the offer.

考試要點：區分 will（未來/意願）與 would（禮貌請求/過去習慣/虛擬）。would like（想要）是固定禮貌用語。

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實戰練習題

1. 單選題： Because of the new regulation, all employees ______ complete the safety training by the end of this month. (A) can (B) may (C) must (D) would

2. 挑錯題： The manager suggested that we (A) needn’t to send the report (B) until all the data (C) has been (D) thoroughly verified. 3. 單選題（情境題）： Speaker A: “I can’t find my keys anywhere.” Speaker B: “You ______ have left them in the car. Let me check for you.” (A) might (B) should (C) will (D) must 4. 單選題： If I ______ you, I would reconsider the proposal before making a final decision. (A) am (B) was (C) were (D) be

5. 挑錯題： Neither the manager nor the employees (A) is satisfied with (B) the current (C) working (D) conditions.

6. 單選題（情境題）： Speaker A: “I’m thinking of applying for the marketing position.” Speaker B: “You ______ apply soon. The deadline is this Friday.” (A) had better (B) would rather (C) used to (D) ought

7. 單選題： The research paper ______ by the end of next week if we want to submit it on time. (A) must be finished (B) must finish (C) must have finished (D) must been finished

8. 挑錯題： (A) Having worked hard (B) all day, the project (C) was finally (D) completing by the team.

9. 單選題（克漏字）： The new software is designed to be very user-friendly. Even beginners ______ use it without extensive training. (A) can (B) must (C) should (D) ought to

10. 單選題： By the time he arrives, we ______ all the preparations. (A) will finish (B) will have finished (C) have finished (D) finished

11. 挑錯題： It is essential (A) that every applicant (B) submits their documents (C) before the (D) deadline.

12. 單選題（情境題）： Speaker A: “I didn’t see Hannah at the meeting yesterday.” Speaker B: “She ______ have been sick. I heard she wasn’t feeling well.” (A) can’t (B) must (C) might (D) shouldn’t

13. 單選題： Hardly ______ the office when the phone started ringing. (A) I had left (B) had I left (C) I left (D) left I

14. 挑錯題： (A) Not only she is a talented writer, (B) but she (C) is also an (D) excellent speaker.

15. 單選題（克漏字）： The contract ______ be signed in the presence of a witness to be legally valid. (A) may (B) could (C) has to (D) might

16. 單選題： If you had taken my advice, you ______ in such a difficult situation now. (A) wouldn’t be (B) won’t be (C) aren’t (D) weren’t

17. 挑錯題： The number of students (A) participating in the competition (B) have (C) increased significantly (D) this year.

18. 單選題（情境題）： Speaker A: “The printer is out of paper again.” Speaker B: “I ______ have refilled it this morning. I’m sorry, I forgot.” (A) must (B) could (C) should (D) will

19. 單選題： Seldom ______ such a dedicated and hardworking employee. (A) I have met (B) have I met (C) I met (D) met I

20. 挑錯題： We (A) look forward to (B) hear from you (C) regarding your (D) decision.

21. 單選題（克漏字）： All equipment ______ carefully before the experiment begins to ensure safety. (A) must inspect (B) must be inspected (C) must have inspected (D) must inspecting

22. 單選題： He talks as if he ______ everything about the subject. (A) knows (B) knew (C) has known (D) had known

23. 挑錯題： (A) Despite of the heavy rain, (B) the event (C) proceeded (D) as scheduled.

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答案與簡析：

以下是每道題目的正確答案與詳細解釋：

1. 單選題

答案：(C) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “regulation”（規定）、“complete”（完成）。
• 解析： 句意是因為有新的規定，所有員工「必須」在月底前完成安全訓練。
  • (A) can 表能力或許可。
  • (B) may 表可能或許可。
  • (C) must 表義務或強烈需求（必須），符合「規定」的語境。
  • (D) would 表過去習慣或假設。

2. 挑錯題

答案：(A) 詳細解釋：

• 錯誤處： “needn’t to send”
• 解析： “Need” 作為情態助動詞（Modal Verb）使用時，否定形式為 “needn’t”，後面必須接原形動詞（Bare Infinitive），不可加 “to”。
  • 正確寫法： “needn’t send” 或改為一般動詞用法 “don’t need to send”。
  • (B)(C)(D) 部分文法正確（until 引導的時間子句用現在完成式代替未來完成式，表示在該動作完成之前）。

3. 單選題（情境題）

答案：(A) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “Let me check for you”（我幫你確認一下）。
• 解析：
  • Speaker A 找不到鑰匙。Speaker B 提出一個可能性並表示要幫忙確認。
  • (A) might（可能）：表示推測的可能性，語氣較不確定，符合後句「我去幫你確認」的語境（因為不確定才要確認）。
  • (D) must（一定）：表示強烈的推測（90%以上把握）。雖然在口語中也常用於推測（如：You must have left them…），但通常用於證據確鑿時。若選 (D) 亦可通，但在考試中若有 “Let me check” 表示不確定性，選 “might” 較為嚴謹。
  • (B) should（應該）表義務或預期；(C) will（將會）表未來。

4. 單選題

答案：(C) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “If I ______ you”、“would reconsider”。
• 解析： 這是與現在事實相反的假設語氣（Conditional Type 2）。
  • 句型：If + S + were (過去式), S + would/could/might + V。
  • 在假設語氣中，be 動詞不論人稱一律用 were。
  • (A) am 是現在式；(B) was 是過去式（口語偶用，但正式文法需用 were）；(D) be 是原形。

5. 挑錯題

答案：(A) 詳細解釋：

• 錯誤處： “is”
• 解析： 使用 “Neither A nor B”（既不…也不…）連接主詞時，動詞需依循就近原則（Proximity Rule），即與最靠近動詞的主詞一致。
  • 最靠近動詞的主詞是 “the employees”（複數）。
  • 正確寫法： 應改為 “are” satisfied with。

6. 單選題（情境題）

答案：(A) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “deadline is this Friday”（截止日是這週五）。
• 解析： 語境表示有時間壓力，建議對方盡快行動。
  • (A) had better（最好）：語氣較強的建議，暗示若不這麼做會有負面後果（如錯過截止日），後面接原形動詞 apply。
  • (B) would rather（寧願）表偏好。
  • (C) used to（過去習慣）。
  • (D) ought（應該）後面必須接 “to” (ought to apply)，故不可選。

7. 單選題

答案：(A) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “research paper”（研究論文）、“by the end of next week”（下週結束前）。
• 解析：
  1. 被動語態： 論文是被完成的，需用被動語態 (be + p.p.)。
  2. 義務/推測： 為了準時提交，“必須” 被完成。
  • (A) must be finished：Must (必須) + be finished (被動)，完全符合。
  • (B) must finish：主動語態，錯誤。
  • (C) must have finished：對過去的推測，與時間點（下週）不符。
  • (D) must been finished：文法錯誤，缺了助動詞 have (must have been) 或 be (must be)。

8. 挑錯題

答案：(D) 詳細解釋：

• 錯誤處： “completing”
• 解析：
  1. 語態錯誤： 專案（project）是被團隊完成的，必須用被動語態。應改為 “was finally completed”。
  2. 懸垂分詞（Dangling Modifier）： 嚴格來說 (A) 也有問題。句首的 “Having worked hard all day”（整天努力工作後）邏輯主詞應是「人（團隊）」，但主要子句的主詞卻是「專案（project）」。這在文法上是懸垂修飾語錯誤。
  • 但在單選挑錯題中，(D) 的 “was completing by”（正在主動完成…被團隊）是結構上完全錯誤的寫法（主動動詞 + by passive agent），是更明顯的文法錯誤點。
  • 正確寫法： “was finally completed by the team.”

9. 單選題（克漏字）

答案：(A) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “user-friendly”（好用的）、“without extensive training”（無需大量訓練）。
• 解析： 強調軟體設計得很好，即使是初學者「能夠」輕易使用。
  • (A) can：表能力或可能性。
  • (B) must（必須）、(C) should（應該）、(D) ought to（應該）皆不符語意。

10. 單選題

答案：(B) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “By the time he arrives”（等到他到達時）。
• 解析： “By the time” 引導的時間子句若用現在式（代替未來），主要子句通常使用未來完成式（Future Perfect），表示在未來某個時間點之前將會完成的動作。
  • 句型：By the time + S + V(現在式), S + will have p.p.
  • (B) will have finished 正確。

11. 挑錯題

答案：(B) 詳細解釋：

• 錯誤處： “submits”
• 解析： 這是與意志、建議、命令相關的形容詞（essential, important, necessary, suggested 等）後的名詞子句，需使用假設語氣。
  • 句型：It is essential that + S + (should) + V (原形)。
  • 即使主詞 “every applicant” 是單數，動詞仍需用原形。
  • 正確寫法： 改為 “submit”。

12. 單選題（情境題）

答案：(B) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “didn’t see… yesterday”（過去）、“heard she wasn’t feeling well”（聽說她不舒服）。
• 解析： 根據「她不舒服」這個線索，對過去發生的事情做「強烈的肯定推測」。
  • (B) must have been：過去一定是…（合乎邏輯的推論）。
  • (A) can’t have been：過去不可能…。
  • (C) might have been：過去可能…（語氣較弱，但既然有聽說她生病的證據，must 較貼切）。
  • (D) shouldn’t have been：過去不該…。

13. 單選題

答案：(B) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “Hardly… when…”（一…就…）。
• 解析： 否定副詞 “Hardly” 置於句首時，句子必須倒裝（將助動詞移至主詞前）。且通常搭配過去完成式。
  • 句型：Hardly + had + S + p.p. … when …
  • (B) had I left 符合倒裝結構。

14. 挑錯題

答案：(A) 詳細解釋：

• 錯誤處： “Not only she is”
• 解析： “Not only” 置於句首時，句子必須倒裝。
  • 正確寫法： 改為 “Not only is she”。

15. 單選題（克漏字）

答案：(C) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “legally valid”（法律上有效）。
• 解析： 法律規定通常具有強制性。
  • (C) has to（必須）：表客觀的義務或規定。
  • (A) may、(B) could、(D) might 皆表可能，語氣太弱，不符合法律效力的條件句。

16. 單選題

答案：(A) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “If you had taken”（過去完成式，與過去相反）、“now”（現在）。
• 解析： 這是混合假設語氣（Mixed Conditional）。
  • 條件句：與過去事實相反（If + S + had p.p.）。
  • 結果句：與現在事實相反（S + would/could/might + V）。
  • 句意：如果你當時聽了我的建議（過去沒聽），你現在就不會處於困境（現在處於困境）。
  • (A) wouldn’t be 符合現在結果的假設。

17. 挑錯題

答案：(B) 詳細解釋：

• 錯誤處： “have”
• 解析：
  • “The number of…”（…的數量）視為單數主詞。
  • “A number of…”（許多的…）視為複數主詞。
  • 此處主詞是 “The number”，故動詞應用單數。
  • 正確寫法： 改為 “has”。

18. 單選題（情境題）

答案：(C) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “out of paper”（沒紙了）、“I forgot”（我忘了）。
• 解析： 表示「過去本該做卻沒做」的遺憾或責備。
  • (C) should have p.p.：本來應該做（但沒做）。
  • (A) must have p.p.：過去一定…（推測）。
  • (B) could have p.p.：過去本來能夠…。

19. 單選題

答案：(B) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “Seldom”（很少）。
• 解析： 否定副詞 “Seldom” 置於句首，句子需倒裝。
  • 句型：Seldom + 助動詞 + S + V。
  • (B) have I met 符合倒裝結構（原句為 I have seldom met…）。

20. 挑錯題

答案：(B) 詳細解釋：

• 錯誤處： “hear”
• 解析： 片語 “look forward to”（期待）中的 “to” 是介系詞，後面必須接名詞或動名詞（V-ing）。
  • 正確寫法： 改為 “hearing”。

21. 單選題（克漏字）

答案：(B) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “All equipment”（所有設備）、“before the experiment begins”。
• 解析： 設備必須「被檢查」，需用被動語態。
  • (B) must be inspected：Must (必須) + be inspected (被動)，符合語意與文法。
  • (A) must inspect：主動語態（設備不會自己檢查）。

22. 單選題

答案：(B) 詳細解釋：

• 關鍵字： “as if”（彷彿/好像）。
• 解析： “as if” 引導的子句若表示與現在事實相反（他其實不知道所有事，但講得好像知道），動詞需用過去式（Subjunctive Mood）。
  • (B) knew 正確。
  • (A) knows 表示可能真的知道（Indicative），但通常 “talks as if” 暗示非事實。

23. 挑錯題

答案：(A) 詳細解釋：

• 錯誤處： “Despite of”
• 解析：
  • “Despite”（儘管）是介系詞，後面直接接名詞，不可加 of。
  • “In spite of” 才需要加 of。
  • 正確寫法： 改為 “Despite” 或 “In spite of”。

簡短對話，13題題組，每組三個問題，四選一，題目的選項資料圖表會印出來。

假設語氣 (Subjunctive Mood) 講義

一、If條件型 (Conditional Sentences)

用於表達與事實不符或未來可能發生的假設情況，分為三類：

1. 與現在事實相反
   結構： If + S + 過去式動詞, S + would/could/might + V原形
   用法： 假設現在不可能或非真實的情況
   例句：

   • If I had more time, I would study for the TOEIC every day.
     (事實上我現在沒有更多時間)
   • If she knew the answer, she would tell us.
     (事實上她現在不知道答案)

2. 與過去事實相反
   結構： If + S + had + p.p., S + would/could/might + have + p.p.
   用法： 談論過去未發生或與過去事實相反的情況
   例句：

   • If he had attended the class, he would have passed the test.
     (事實上他過去沒去上課，所以沒通過)
   • If they had left earlier, they might have caught the train.
     (事實上他們過去沒早點離開)

3. 未來可能但可能性較低
   結構： If + S + should + V原形 / were to + V原形, S + would/could/might + V原形
   用法： 未來發生的可能性較小或正式假設
   例句：

   • If it should rain tomorrow, the event would be canceled.
   • If she were to become the manager, she might change the policy.

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二、隱含條件 (Implied Condition)

特點： 不使用 if 直接引導，但語意中隱含條件關係。
常見句型：

• without / but for + N (要不是…)
  例句：
  • Without your help, I would have failed.
    (= If I hadn’t had your help, …)
  • But for the traffic jam, we would have arrived on time.
    (= If there hadn’t been a traffic jam, …)
• otherwise / or else (否則)
  例句：
  • He studied very hard; otherwise he would not have achieved a high score.
    (= If he hadn’t studied hard, …)

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三、be型或原形動詞型 (Mandative Subjunctive)

特點： 用 動詞原形 或 should + 動詞原形，表示要求、建議、命令、必要等語氣。
常見動詞： suggest, recommend, insist, demand, require, advise
常見形容詞： important, essential, necessary, vital
結構：
S + V (建議/要求等) + that + S + (should) + V原形
例句：

• The teacher suggested that he (should) review the subjunctive mood.
• It is essential that every applicant (should) submit the form on time.
• The company requires that all employees be punctual.

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四、Were型 過去式動詞型 (Unreal “Were” for Present/Future)

特點： 不論主詞人稱，在與現在或未來事實相反的假設中，be動詞一律使用 were。
結構：
If + S + were …, S + would/could/might + V原形
例句：

• If I were you, I would take that job offer.
  (事實上我不是你)
• If he were here, he could help us solve the problem.
  (事實上他現在不在)
• Were I in your position, I would negotiate the terms.
  (倒裝句，省略 If，正式用法)

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練習題 (Practice Exercises)

第一部分：選擇題 (1-10)

1. If the company ______ more flexible working hours, employee satisfaction would increase. (A) offers
   (B) offered
   (C) had offered
   (D) will offer
   詳解： 此句為與現在事實相反的假設，if子句需用過去式動詞，故選(B) offered。

2. If I ______ you, I would reconsider the proposal. (A) am
   (B) were
   (C) be
   (D) was
   詳解： 在假設語氣中，無論主詞是第幾人稱，be動詞常用”were”，故選(B) were。

3. We could have finished on time if we ______ more resources. (A) have
   (B) had
   (C) had had
   (D) would have
   詳解： 此句為與過去事實相反的假設，if子句需用過去完成式，故選(C) had had。

4. If it ______ tomorrow, the picnic will be canceled. (A) rains
   (B) rained
   (C) will rain
   (D) would rain
   詳解： 此句為真實條件句（未來可能發生），if子句用現在式表未來，故選(A) rains。

5. She would travel the world if she ______ enough money. (A) has
   (B) had
   (C) will have
   (D) would have
   詳解： 此句為與現在事實相反的假設，if子句需用過去式，故選(B) had。

6. If he had taken the train, he ______ late for the meeting. (A) wouldn’t be
   (B) hadn’t been
   (C) wouldn’t have been
   (D) isn’t
   詳解： 此句為與過去事實相反的假設，主要子句需用「would have + 過去分詞」，故選(C) wouldn’t have been。

7. It’s essential that she ______ on time. (A) arrives
   (B) arrive
   (C) will arrive
   (D) arrived
   詳解： 在”It is + 表示要求、建議、命令的形容詞 (如essential)” 之後的that子句中，動詞用原形，此為be型假設語氣，故選(B) arrive。

8. I wish I ______ how to play the piano. (A) know
   (B) knew
   (C) have known
   (D) will know
   詳解： “I wish”表達與現在事實相反的願望，後接子句動詞用過去式，故選(B) knew。

9. If only we ______ more carefully, we wouldn’t be in this situation. (A) plan
   (B) planned
   (C) had planned
   (D) have planned
   詳解： “If only”表達對過去的遺憾，後接子句動詞用過去完成式，故選(C) had planned。

10. He talks as if he ______ an expert on everything. (A) is
    (B) was
    (C) were
    (D) be
    詳解： “as if”引導非事實的比擬，其後子句常用過去式（be動詞用were），故選(C) were。

第二部分：改寫句子 (11-20)

請用 隱含條件（如without, but for, otherwise等）改寫以下句子。

11. 原句：If it hadn’t been for the detailed guide, I would have been lost. → Without the detailed guide, I would have been lost. 詳解： “If it hadn’t been for” 可直接用 “Without” 取代，後接名詞片語。

12. 原句：If you don’t hurry, you will miss the flight. → Hurry up, otherwise you will miss the flight. 詳解： “otherwise” 意為「否則」，可連接兩個子句，取代「if…not」的條件概念。

13. 原句：If I were in your position, I would accept the offer. → In your position, I would accept the offer. 詳解： 將if子句改為介系詞片語 “In your position”，隱含假設語氣。

14. 原句：If she had known the truth, she would have been very upset. → Had she known the truth, she would have been very upset. 詳解： 將If省略，主詞與助動詞倒裝（Had she known），此為正式的假設語氣倒裝句。

15. 原句：We could have succeeded with more support. → If we had had more support, we could have succeeded. 詳解： 將隱含條件的介系詞片語 “with more support” 還原為完整的if假設子句。

16. 原句：But for your timely advice, I would have made a huge mistake. → If it hadn’t been for your timely advice, I would have made a huge mistake. 詳解： “But for” 意同 “If it hadn’t been for”，可互相改寫。

17. 原句：Without electricity, modern life would be impossible. → If there were no electricity, modern life would be impossible. 詳解： “Without + N” 可改寫為 “If there were no + N” 的假設句。

18. 原句：I would have called you, but I lost my phone. → If I hadn’t lost my phone, I would have called you. 詳解： “but”引導的事實句，常可轉換為與過去事實相反的if假設子句。

19. 原句：Given more time, we could do a better job. → If we were given more time, we could do a better job. 詳解： 過去分詞片語 “Given more time” 隱含被動條件，可擴充為if子句。

20. 原句：He must be sick, or he would be here. → If he weren’t sick, he would be here. 詳解： “or” 在此意為「否則」，其前的句子暗示了一個否定的條件，可改寫為if子句。

第三部分：填空題 (21-30)

使用適當的假設語氣（與現在/過去事實相反、be型假設）完成句子。

21. It is important that every participant ______ (submit) the report by Friday. 答案：submit 詳解： “It is important that…” 為be型假設語氣，that子句中的動詞用原形。

22. I wish I ______ (have) more free time to read novels. 答案：had 詳解： “I wish”表達對現在的願望（但事實並非如此），後接子句動詞用過去式。

23. If he ______ (ask) me for help, I would gladly assist him. 答案：asked 詳解： 此為與現在事實相反的假設，if子句動詞用過去式。

24. The manager demanded that the project ______ (complete) by the end of the month. 答案：be completed 詳解： 動詞”demanded”後的that子句需用be型假設語氣，動詞用原形。此處語意為被動，故用”be completed”。

25. If you ______ (listen) to my warning, you wouldn’t be in trouble now. 答案：had listened 詳解： 此為混合時間的假設句：if子句是對過去的假設（本該聽警告但沒聽），故用過去完成式”had listened”；主要子句是對現在結果的假設（現在就不會有麻煩）。

26. It’s high time we ______ (review) our environmental policy. 答案：reviewed 詳解： “It’s (high) time + S + 過去式動詞” 為固定句型，表示「早該做某事了（但還沒做）」。

27. She treats me as if I ______ (be) a stranger. 答案：were 詳解： “as if”引導非事實的比擬，其後子句be動詞不論主詞，常用”were”。

28. If only I ______ (can) speak Japanese fluently! 答案：could 詳解： “If only”表達強烈願望，與現在事實相反，情態助動詞”can”需改為過去式”could”。

29. Should you ______ (have) any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me. 答案：have 詳解： 此為省略If的倒裝句原形：“Should you have” = “If you should have”。倒裝後，主要動詞用原形。

30. He looks as though he ______ (see) a ghost. 答案：had seen 詳解： “as though” 用法同”as if”。此句語意為「他看起來好像見了鬼一樣」，是對過去情況的非事實比擬，故用過去完成式”had seen”。

簡短獨白: 十個題組，每組一段獨白和三個問題，四選一，題目會印出題目選項和圖表

複合名詞講義

複合名詞是由兩個或以上的單詞組合而成，形成一個具有獨立意義的新名詞。其組成方式多樣，常見的結構包括「名詞+副詞」、「動詞+副詞」、「名詞+名詞」等。掌握其構成規律與複數形變化，對提升詞彙能力與應對多益考試至關重要。

1. 結構與意義解析

• passer-by（行人）：由名詞 passer（經過者）與副詞 by（經過）組成，字面意指「從旁經過的人」。此結構多為「n. + adv.」，通常與動作或移動相關。
• grown-up（成年人）：由動詞的過去分詞 grown（成長）與副詞 up（向上）組成，字面意指「已成長起來的人」。此結構多為「v.-ed/p.p. + adv.」，常用以描述人的狀態或身份。
• coffee cup（咖啡杯）：由名詞 coffee（咖啡）與名詞 cup（杯子）組成，是一種直接修飾關係，說明杯子的用途。此「n. + n.」結構最為常見，前一名詞通常用來說明後一名詞的材料、用途、類型或內容。

2. 複數形變化規則 複合名詞的複數形，通常將核心名詞（即意義上最主要的那個詞）變為複數。

• 規則一：核心名詞在後

  • passer-by → passers-by（核心名詞是 passer，因此在 passer 後加 -s）
  • grown-up → grown-ups（此詞已將分詞形容詞名詞化，核心字為整個複合詞，因此在詞尾加 -s）
  • coffee cup → coffee cups（核心名詞是 cup，因此在 cup 後加 -s）

• 規則二：核心名詞在前 若複合詞是「名詞 + 副詞/介系詞」結構，且核心名詞在前，則將前面的名詞變為複數。

  • 例如：hanger-on（攀附者）→ hangers-on
  • 例如：mother-in-law（岳母/婆婆）→ mothers-in-law

3. 多益考試要點 多益閱讀部分（Part 5, 6）常測驗對複合名詞意義的理解及其單複數的使用。聽力部分也可能出現相關詞彙。關鍵在於：

1. 辨識複合詞的核心名詞。
2. 根據上下文判斷使用單數或複數形。
3. 理解其作為一個整體的特定詞義，而非字面直譯。

4. 練習題：複合名詞複數與用法 請寫出複數形或選出正確答案。 第一部分：寫出複數形

1. The shopping mall was full of __________ (passer-by) during the holiday sale.
2. All __________ (grown-up) in the meeting agreed to the new policy.

第二部分：選擇題 3. We need to buy some new __________ for the office kitchen. (A) coffee cup
(B) coffees cup
(C) coffee cups
(D) cups of coffee

4. The factory hired several new __________ (machine operator). 5. She has two __________ (brother-in-law) living abroad. 6. Please submit your __________ (notary public) license here. (A) notaries public
(B) notary publics
(C) notaries publics
(D) notary public

7. The company is looking for experienced __________ (editor in chief). 8. We saw three __________ (deer) in the forest. 9. I need to buy a pair of __________. (A) glass
(B) glasses
(C) glass’s
(D) glassess

10. The museum displayed ancient __________ (mother-in-law) portraits. 11. Several __________ (aircraft) were spotted in the sky. 12. The recipe requires two __________. (A) spoonful of sugar
(B) spoonsful of sugar
(C) spoonfuls of sugar
(D) spoons full sugar

13. They are all __________ (man-of-war) in the naval exercise. 14. The farmer has many __________ (sheep) and __________ (goose). 15. The library has a large collection of __________. (A) reference book
(B) references books
(C) reference books
(D) references book

16. There are multiple __________ (looker-on) at the accident scene. 17. The team consists of five __________ (woman doctor). 18. We need to clarify the __________ with the client. (A) terms of payment
(B) term of payments
(C) terms of payments
(D) payment terms

19. The __________ (runner-up) received silver medals. 20. Check all the __________ (mouse) traps in the storage. 21. The storm damaged many __________. (A) roof of houses
(B) roofs of house
(C) house roofs
(D) houses’ roofs

22. They are successful __________ (business owner). 23. The artist painted beautiful __________ (water lily). 24. He handed in his __________. (A) resignation letter
(B) resignations letter
(C) letter of resignation
(D) A and C

25. The law affects all __________ (attorney general). 26. We examined the __________ (data) carefully. 27. The children played with __________. (A) toy cars
(B) toys car
(C) cars of toy
(D) car toys

28. The story has many __________ (hero). 29. I bought two __________ (pair of jeans). 30. Please pass me those __________. (A) can openers
(B) cans opener
(C) openers of can
(D) can opener

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詳解

1. passers-by：複合名詞以「動詞+副詞」構成，複數形通常在主要名詞（passer）後加-s。
2. grown-ups：沒有主要名詞的複合名詞，通常在最後一字加-s。
3. (C) coffee cups：由名詞修飾名詞的複合名詞，將最後的主要名詞（cup）變複數。
4. machine operators：由「名詞+名詞」構成，複數形在最後的主要名詞（operator）加-s。
5. brothers-in-law：以連接號連接且主要名詞在前（brother），複數形在該名詞後加-s。
6. (A) notaries public：源於拉丁語的複合名詞，形容詞在後（public），複數形在主要名詞（notary）變為 notaries。
7. editors in chief：與第6題類似，複數形在主要名詞（editor）加-s。
8. deer：此為不規則名詞，單複數同形。
9. (B) glasses：以 -es 結尾的複合名詞（由兩片玻璃構成），常以複數形表示特定物品。
10. mothers-in-law：規則同第5題，主要名詞（mother）變複數。
11. aircraft：單複數同形的不規則名詞。
12. (C) spoonfuls of sugar：複合名詞以 -ful 結尾，通常直接加 -s 構成複數。
13. men-of-war：複合名詞含不規則名詞（man），需先將 man 變為 men。
14. sheep, geese：sheep 單複數同形；goose 為不規則變化，變為 geese。
15. (C) reference books：規則同第3題，將主要名詞（book）變複數。
16. lookers-on：規則同第1題，主要名詞（looker）變複數。
17. women doctors：由「不規則複數名詞（woman）+ 名詞」構成，兩者皆須變為複數形。
18. (D) payment terms：在此語境中，「付款條件」為常見商業複合名詞，主要名詞（term）變複數。 (A) 也正確，但(D)是更常見且精簡的複合名詞形式。
19. runners-up：規則同第1題，主要名詞（runner）變複數。
20. mice traps 或 mouse traps：當複合名詞的第一個名詞為不規則名詞（mouse）時，可用其複數形（mice）修飾，但「mouse trap」作為固定詞組，亦常直接使用 mouse。
21. (C) house roofs 或 (D) houses’ roofs：兩者皆可。(C)為複合名詞，用單數名詞（house）修飾 roofs；(D)為所有格形式。
22. business owners：規則同第3、4題，將主要名詞（owner）變複數。
23. water lilies：由「名詞+名詞」構成，主要名詞在後（lily），變為 lilies。
24. (D) A and C：「辭職信」可說 resignation letter 或 letter of resignation，兩者皆正確。
25. attorneys general：規則同第6、7題，複數形在主要名詞（attorney）加-s。
26. data：data 本身是 datum 的複數形式，現在常被視為不可數或集合名詞，單複數同形。
27. (A) toy cars：規則同第3題，將主要名詞（car）變複數。
28. heroes：以 -o 結尾的複合名詞（如包含 hero），通常加 -es 構成複數。
29. pairs of jeans：jeans 本身已是複數形式（指一條牛仔褲），計量時需用「pair of」，複數在 pair 加-s。
30. (A) can openers：規則同第3題，將主要名詞（opener）變複數。

英美用法差異：常見常考詞彙對照

在 TOEIC 多益考試的聽力及閱讀部分，經常出現英式英語 (British English) 與美式英語 (American English) 的詞彙差異。了解這些差異有助於迅速理解題意，避免混淆。以下整理幾組高頻出現且容易出錯的對照詞彙，包含常見、常錯、常考的關鍵字：

中文意思	美式英語 (AmE)	英式英語 (BrE)	備註與考點
紙鈔	bill	note	在金融、購物場景中出現。美式說「a dollar bill」，英式說「a five-pound note」。
罐頭	can	tin	在超市、飲食情境中出現。美式「a can of soda」，英式「a tin of beans」。
行李	baggage / luggage	luggage / baggage	兩者互通，但美式較常用 baggage (不可數)，英式較偏 luggage。考題中 baggage claim (行李提領) 為國際通用。
卡車	truck	lorry	運輸、物流類文章或對話中常見。美式「delivery truck」，英式「lorry driver」。
水龍頭	faucet	tap	家庭、租房或設備描述情境。美式「kitchen faucet」，英式「turn on the tap」。
公寓	apartment	flat	住宿、租房相關對話或文章常見。美式「rent an apartment」，英式「live in a flat」。
電梯	elevator	lift	在建築物、辦公室場景中出現。美式「take the elevator」，英式「call the lift」。
薯條	french fries	chips	餐廳點餐、飲食話題高頻詞。注意英式「chips」在美式英語中常指「洋芋片」。
人行道	sidewalk	pavement	交通、街道方向描述時常見。美式「on the sidewalk」，英式「walk on the pavement」。
假期	vacation	holiday	談論休假、旅遊計畫時常用。美式「summer vacation」，英式「go on holiday」。

多益考試聽力部分會同時出現英美口音，需熟悉兩套詞彙。閱讀題中，文章可能採用英式拼寫或詞彙，但題目選項常會提供同義詞，認得這些對應詞就能快速作答。

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練習題

(B) The meeting agenda was changed. (C) A financial report was rejected. (D) An office renovation is complete. 5. 閱讀詞彙題 The contract includes a clause about liability for damaged cargo during transit. The word “cargo” is closest in meaning to: (A) shipment (B) equipment (C) vehicle (D) insurance

6. 句子填空題 International shipping requires careful handling of fragile ______ to avoid breakage. (A) commodities (B) machinery (C) passengers (D) containers

7. 聽力情境題（推斷） 男聲 (澳式口音)： “We’ve just upgraded our fleet with more trucks.” 女聲： “So delivery times should improve, right?” 問題： What is the man referring to? (A) Expanding the number of transport vehicles. (B) Repairing old company cars. (C) Training new drivers. (D) Changing the delivery routes.

8. 閱讀詞彙題 The freight train was delayed due to maintenance work on the tracks. The word “freight” is closest in meaning to: (A) goods (B) passenger (C) express (D) local

9. 句子填空題 All exported goods must be properly packed and ______ on the shipping manifest. (A) listed (B) hidden (C) discarded (D) opened

10. 聽力情境題（推斷） 女聲 (英式口音)： “We need to check the inventory before the audit.” 男聲： “Should I start with the warehouse section?” 問題： What are they discussing? (A) A stock count of items in storage. (B) A review of financial accounts. (C) An inspection of building safety. (D) An interview for a new staff member.

11. 閱讀詞彙題 The consignment of electronics arrived at the port this morning. The word “consignment” is closest in meaning to: (A) delivery (B) order (C) message (D) payment

12. 句子填空題 The courier service guarantees next-day ______ for parcels within the city. (A) delivery (B) production (C) notification (D) inspection

13. 聽力情境題（推斷） 男聲 (美式口音)： “The shipment from Germany is held up at customs.” 女聲： “Does that affect our production schedule?” 問題： What problem is mentioned? (A) A delay in receiving imported items. (B) A mistake in the product design. (C) A issue with the factory machinery. (D) A change in the supplier’s contact.

14. 閱讀詞彙題 He works as a forwarder, coordinating the international transport of goods. The word “forwarder” is closest in meaning to: (A) logistics agent (B) sales manager (C) customs officer (D) warehouse worker

15. 句子填空題 Heavy ______ such as machinery are often transported by sea. (A) cargo (B) letters (C) samples (D) information

16. 聽力情境題（推斷） 女聲 (加式口音)： “We’ve switched to a more reliable carrier for our overseas parcels.” 男聲： “Good, we had too many complaints about lost items.” 問題： What did the woman do? (A) Changed the company that handles transport. (B) Hired a new security firm. (C) Found a better insurance provider. (D) Updated the packaging material.

17. 閱讀詞彙題 The pallet of goods was loaded onto the container ship efficiently. The word “pallet” is closest in meaning to: (A) a platform for stacking goods (B) a list of items (C) a shipping document (D) a type of vehicle

18. 句子填空題 Please ensure the shipping ______ is clearly attached to each box. (A) label (B) invoice (C) advice (D) policy

19. 聽力情境題（推斷） 男聲 (英式口音)： “The container was damaged during the storm at sea.” 女聲： “Will the insurance cover the loss?” 問題： What happened? (A) A large storage unit was harmed in transit. (B) A ship’s engine failed. (C) A port was closed due to weather. (D) A delivery truck broke down.

20. 閱讀詞彙題 All parcels must be weighed before they can be accepted for international mail. The word “parcels” is closest in meaning to: (A) packages (B) letters (C) documents (D) gifts

21. 句子填空題 The company specializes in the ______ of perishable goods like fruits and flowers. (A) transport (B) manufacturing (C) design (D) retail

22. 聽力情境題（推斷） 女聲 (美式口音)： “We’re consolidating several smaller shipments into one full container.” 男聲： “That should save on costs significantly.” 問題： What is the plan? (A) Combining multiple loads into a single large one. (B) Sending goods via different routes. (C) Increasing the frequency of deliveries. (D) Using smaller packaging for items.

23. 閱讀詞彙題 The wharf was crowded with cranes unloading the vessels. The word “wharf” is closest in meaning to: (A) dock (B) warehouse (C) yard (D) office

24. 句子填空題 Air ______ is faster but more expensive than sea freight for urgent orders. (A) freight (B) traffic (C) fare (D) mail

解答和解釋

1. 聽力情境題（推斷） 答案：(B) sales manager

15. 句子填空題 答案：(A) cargo

16. 聽力情境題（推斷） 答案：(A) Changed the company that handles transport.

17. 閱讀詞彙題 答案：(A) a platform for stacking goods

18. 句子填空題 答案：(A) labelrage facility.

19. 解答: (A)
    解釋: 對話中提到”container”在海上風暴中受損。“container”在運輸中通常指大型儲運單元（如貨櫃），選項(A) “A large storage unit was harmed in transit.”（一個大型儲運單元在運輸途中受損）與此描述相符。

20. 解答: (A)
    解釋: “parcels” 指待寄送或運輸的包裹，與 “packages” 同義。

21. 解答: (A)
    解釋: 句子提及公司專精於水果、花卉等易腐爛貨物的業務。根據常識，這類貨物需要快速、專業的”運輸”(transport)，而非製造、設計或零售。

22. 解答: (A)
    解釋: 對話關鍵詞”consolidating several smaller shipments into one full container”意為將多批較小的貨物合併成一個整櫃，選項(A) “Combining multiple loads into a single large one.”（將多批貨物合併成一個大批次）準確表達了此計劃。

23. 解答: (A)
    解釋: “wharf” 指碼頭、停泊處，與 “dock” 同義。

24. 解答: (A)
    解釋: 句子在比較不同運輸方式的時效和成本。“air freight”（空運）是相對於”sea freight”（海運）的常用專業術語，指通過飛機運輸貨物。dities

one another each other 不定代名詞講義
作為多益滿分專家與多年英文教育者，我深知不定代名詞是多益必考重點之一。以下針對常見不定代名詞的用法、易混淆點與考題方向進行解析，幫助你精準掌握得分關鍵。

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一、用法與意義解析

不定代名詞用於指代不特定的人、事物或數量，在多益考試中常測試其否定形式、搭配與語意辨別。

1. Each / Not each / Not every

   • Each：強調「個別」，指兩個或以上中的每一個。
     例句：Each employee has a workstation.
   • Not each / Not every：部分否定，表示「並非每一個」。
     例句：Not every plan is feasible.
   • 考點：注意與 every（三者以上）的區別，以及部分否定的邏輯。

2. Both / Not both / Neither

   • Both：指「兩者都」。
     例句：Both candidates are qualified.
   • Not both：部分否定，表示「並非兩者都」。
     例句：Not both answers are correct.
   • Neither：完全否定，指「兩者都不」。
     例句：Neither option is acceptable.
   • 考點：多益常考 neither 與 either 的否定句型，以及部分否定與完全否定的語意差異。

3. All / Not all / None / No one

   • All：指「全部」（三者以上）。
     例句：All data must be checked.
   • Not all：部分否定，表示「並非所有」。
     例句：Not all proposals were approved.
   • None / No one：完全否定，指「沒有一個」。
     例句：None of the reports are ready.
     例句：No one is available at the moment.
   • 考點：none 可接單數或複數動詞，視上下文而定；no one 專指人。

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二、多益出題方向提醒

• 題型常見於Part 5（單句填空）與Part 6（短文填空）。
• 重點測試：
  1. 部分否定 vs. 完全否定的語意辨識。
  2. 代名詞與後續動詞的一致性。
  3. 上下文邏輯搭配（如：not all 但後文轉折出現 some）。

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三、對照整理表

肯定形式	部分否定形式	完全否定形式	關鍵語意
Each / Every	Not each / Not every	—	每個／並非每個
Both	Not both	Neither	兩者都／並非兩者都／兩者都不
All	Not all	None / No one	全部／並非全部／沒有一個

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四、多益風格練習題

1. of the two candidates passed the interview; we need to reopen the search.
   (A) Both
   (B) Neither
   (C) Not both
   (D) Each

2. The manager reviewed the reports and found that were accurate.
   (A) all
   (B) not all
   (C) none
   (D) every

3. department has its own budget, but some share resources.
   (A) Neither
   (B) Not both
   (C) Each
   (D) No one

4. The conference room is available Monday and Wednesday afternoon this week.
   (A) both
   (B) neither
   (C) either
   (D) not only

5. of the proposed solutions was considered feasible by the committee.
   (A) None
   (B) Every
   (C) All
   (D) Some

6. The company policy states that employee must attend the annual safety training.
   (A) not all
   (B) neither
   (C) every
   (D) no one

7. of the software licenses have been renewed, so we can continue using the applications.
   (A) Both
   (B) All
   (C) Neither
   (D) Each

8. We have received two offers, but seems to meet our initial requirements.
   (A) both
   (B) neither
   (C) either
   (D) each

9. The project manager confirmed that tasks on the list were completed on time.
   (A) not all
   (B) none
   (C) every
   (D) all

10. branch offices submitted their quarterly reports by the deadline.
    (A) Neither
    (B) Not all
    (C) Every
    (D) No one

11. The agreement states that party can terminate the contract with 30 days’ notice.
    (A) both
    (B) either
    (C) neither
    (D) each

12. of the applicants had the required certification, so the position remains open.
    (A) None
    (B) All
    (C) Some
    (D) Every

13. The auditor discovered that financial transactions were properly documented.
    (A) not all
    (B) none
    (C) each
    (D) every

14. team member is responsible for submitting a weekly progress update.
    (A) Not both
    (B) Neither
    (C) Each
    (D) All

15. The survey results indicate that respondents were satisfied with the new product features.
    (A) none
    (B) not all
    (C) every
    (D) both

16. of the two potential suppliers could guarantee delivery within a week.
    (A) Both
    (B) Either
    (C) Not both
    (D) Neither

17. After the merger, department underwent a restructuring process.
    (A) all
    (B) every
    (C) not all
    (D) no one

18. The consultant suggested that approaches might be effective, so we should test them.
    (A) both
    (B) neither
    (C) either
    (D) each

19. of the issues raised in the meeting has been fully resolved.
    (A) None
    (B) Every
    (C) All
    (D) Some

20. The new guidelines specify that employee in the technical division must complete the advanced course.
    (A) not all
    (B) each
    (C) no one
    (D) neither

21. The committee reviewed the proposals and concluded that were worth further investment.
    (A) not all
    (B) none
    (C) all
    (D) every

22. of the two alternative plans offers a significant cost advantage.
    (A) Either
    (B) Both
    (C) Not both
    (D) Neither

23. The director emphasized that report must include a detailed risk assessment.
    (A) none
    (B) all
    (C) every
    (D) not all

24. The initial tests showed that prototypes performed as expected under extreme conditions.
    (A) not all
    (B) neither
    (C) every
    (D) no one

25. of the training sessions will be conducted online to accommodate remote staff.
    (A) All
    (B) Each
    (C) Neither
    (D) Either

答案與解析

1. B – 後句「須重啟招聘」表示兩人皆未通過，需用完全否定 Neither。
2. B – 句意可能暗示部分不準確，故用部分否定 Not all；若用 none 則須上下文強烈否定。
3. C – 後句「有些共享資源」表示前句為肯定個體，用 Each 最合適。
4. A – 句子提到兩個特定時間（週一和週三下午），且表示兩者皆可，應用 both。
5. A – 句意暗示沒有任何方案被認為可行，需用完全否定 None。
6. C – 政策規定「每位」員工都須參加，用 every 來強調個體。
7. B – 後句「可繼續使用」表示所有授權皆已續訂，用 All 表示三者以上的全部。
8. B – 轉折詞「但」表示兩個提議都不符合要求，需用 neither。
9. A – 根據常理推斷，任務通常不會全部按時完成，用部分否定 not all 最合理。
10. B – 後無轉折，僅陳述事實，部分否定 Not all 表示並非所有分公司都按時提交。
11. B – 合約條款通常允許「任一方」提出終止，用 either。
12. A – 後句「職位仍空缺」表示無人擁有所需認證，用 None。
13. A – 「發現」一詞常暗示部分問題，用部分否定 not all 表示並非所有交易都被妥善記錄。
14. C – 句意為「每位」成員的個體責任，用 Each。
15. B – 調查結果通常顯示部分滿意，用部分否定 not all 最自然。
16. D – 句意暗示兩家供應商都無法保證一週內交貨，需用完全否定 Neither。
17. B – 句意為「每個」部門都經歷了重組，用 every 強調所有個體。
18. A – 後句「我們應該測試」暗示兩種方法都可能有效，用 both。
19. A – 動詞「has」為單數，主語需為單數，且句意偏向否定，用 None。
20. B – 指南規定「每位」技術部門員工都須完成課程，用 each 或 every，each 更強調個體。
21. A – 「審議後得出結論」常暗示部分值得投資，用部分否定 not all。
22. A – 「offers」為單數動詞，主語需為單數，either 表示兩者中的任一個。
23. C – 強調「每一份」報告都必須包含，用 every。
24. A – 「初步測試」常發現部分原型未達預期，用部分否定 not all。
25. A – 主語「sessions」為複數，且句意為「所有」培訓課程都將在線進行，用 All。

多益重點文法解析：限定詞與代名詞 (Each / Both / All / Each / None / One / Ones / Oneself)

1. Each 的用法

用法與意思： Each 強調「個別、每一個」，用於指兩個或兩個以上個體中的每一個，著重於單獨看待。 核心考點： 它可作主詞、受詞或同位語，其後動詞及代名詞均用單數。

例句解析：

1. 作主詞：

   • Each has its own advantages. (每一個都有它自己的優點。)
   • Each of the employees receives training. (每位員工都接受培訓。)

2. 作受詞：

   • The manager interviewed each of the candidates. (經理面試了每一位應徵者。)

3. 作同位語：

   • The tickets cost twenty dollars each. (票價每張二十元。)
   • They each have different tasks. (他們各自有不同的任務。) – 注意：動詞與主詞 “They” 一致。

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2. Both, All, Each, None 作主詞與同位語

用法對比：

字詞	強調重點	後接動詞	例句（主詞）	例句（同位語）
Both	兩者「都」	複數	Both (of the) proposals are feasible. (兩個提案都可行。)	They both agree with the plan. (他們兩人都同意這計畫。)
All	三者以上「全部」	複數	All (of) the equipment is checked. (所有設備都被檢查了。) – 指整體時，動詞用單數	We all support the decision. (我們全都支持這決定。)
Each	個別「每一個」	單數	Each department has a budget. (每個部門都有一筆預算。)	The members each have a vote. (成員們每人有一票。)
None	「沒有任何一個」	單/複皆可*	None of the information is accurate. (這些資訊沒有一項是準確的。) None of the reports are finished. (這些報告沒有一份完成了。)

*多益考試中，none 後接 不可數名詞 時，動詞用單數；後接 可數名詞複數 時，正式用法多用單數，但口語及美式英文中複數動詞也常見。建議根據最靠近的名詞來判斷。

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3. One / Ones / Oneself 的替代用法

用法與意思： 這些是「替代代名詞」，用來避免重複前面提過的名詞。

• One (單數): 替代單數可數名詞。
• Ones (複數): 替代複數可數名詞。
• Oneself (反身代名詞): 為 “one” 的反身形式，意指「自己」。

例句解析：

1. One / Ones:

   • This meeting is more important than the previous one. (這場會議比之前那一場更重要。)
   • Our new products are more efficient than the old ones. (我們的新產品比舊的更高效。)
   • If you need a printer, you can use the one in the corner. (如果你需要印表機，可以用角落裡那台。)

2. Oneself:

   • One should be able to express oneself clearly. (一個人應該要能清楚地表達自己。)
   • It is important to give oneself enough time to prepare. (給自己足夠的時間準備是很重要的。)

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多益高頻考點：不定代名詞與不定副詞用法解析

一、核心概念解析

這些詞彙在多益考試中頻繁出現，主要分為兩大類：

1. 不定代名詞：指不特定的人、事、物
2. 不定副詞：指不特定的地點

二、四大類別詳解

1. Any- 系列（用於疑問句、否定句，或表示「任何」的肯定句）

• Anybody / Anyone：任何人
  • 多益例句：Does anybody have a pen I could borrow?（有人有筆可以借我嗎？）
• Anything：任何事物
  • 多益例句：We can discuss anything related to the project.（我們可以討論任何與專案相關的事情。）
• Anywhere：任何地方
  • 多益例句：You can sit anywhere in the conference room.（你可以坐在會議室的任何位置。）

2. Every- 系列（表示「全部、每一個」，用於肯定句）

• Everyone / Everybody：每個人
  • 多益例句：Everyone in the department must attend the meeting.（部門裡的每個人都必須參加會議。）
• Everything：每件事物
  • 多益例句：Everything in the report needs to be verified.（報告裡的每件事都需要驗證。）

3. No- 系列（表示否定，語氣比 not…any 更強）

• Nobody / No one：沒有人
  • 多益例句：Nobody was available to answer the phone.（沒人有空接電話。）
• Nothing：沒有東西
  • 多益例句：There is nothing more important than customer satisfaction.（沒有什麼比客戶滿意更重要。）
• Nowhere：沒有地方
  • 多益例句：The documents are nowhere to be found.（文件到處都找不到。）
• None：沒有（可指人或物，常接 of）
  • 多益例句：None of the applicants met all the qualifications.（沒有申請者符合所有資格。）

4. Some- 系列（用於肯定句，或表示邀請、請求的疑問句）

• Somebody / Someone：某人
  • 多益例句：Somebody from accounting will contact you.（會計部門的某人會聯繫你。）
• Something：某事
  • 多益例句：There’s something I need to clarify about the contract.（關於合約，我有件事需要澄清。）
• Somewhere：某處
  • 多益例句：The file must be somewhere in the archive.（檔案一定在檔案室的某處。）

三、多益考試關鍵要點

1. 動詞單複數：這些詞通常視為單數，動詞加 -s

   • ✓ Everybody is here.（每個人都到了。）
   • ✗ Everybody are here.

2. 搭配介系詞：

   • 後接形容詞時，形容詞放在後面：something important
   • 後接 else：anyone else（其他任何人）

3. 常見考題陷阱：

   • 混淆 any- 和 some- 在疑問句中的用法
   • 忘記 no- 系列本身已含否定，不再加 not

四、實戰練習題

1. 選擇題：______ in the office knows how to operate the new software system. (A) Anybody (B) Somebody (C) Everybody (D) Nobody

2. 填空題：We have looked __________, but we cannot find the missing invoice.

3. 改錯題：There isn’t nothing more we can do until the manager arrives.

4. 選擇題：By the time we arrive, the movie __________ already. (A) will start (B) starts (C) will have started (D) started

5. 填空題：She is accustomed to __________ early for her appointments.

6. 改錯題：Each of the students are responsible for their own project.

7. 選擇題：If I __________ you, I would reconsider the offer. (A) am (B) was (C) were (D) have been

8. 填空題：The report, along with the supporting documents, __________ submitted yesterday.

9. 改錯題：The reason he is late is because his car broke down.

10. 選擇題：Not only the manager but also the employees __________ the new policy. (A) oppose (B) opposes (C) opposing (D) has opposed

11. 填空題：Had I known about the traffic, I __________ a different route.

12. 改錯題：He asked me where was the nearest post office.

13. 選擇題：It is essential that she __________ the documents immediately. (A) sign (B) signs (C) signed (D) has signed

14. 填空題：By next year, I __________ at this company for a decade.

15. 改錯題：The committee has been arguing among themselves for hours.

16. 選擇題：The number of participants __________ increased significantly this year. (A) have (B) has (C) are (D) is

17. 填空題：I would rather you __________ me the truth earlier.

18. 改錯題：She is one of the best engineers that has ever worked here.

19. 選擇題：Scarcely __________ home when the phone rang. (A) I had arrived (B) had I arrived (C) I arrived (D) arrived I

20. 填空題：The project __________ by the end of next week.

21. 改錯題：He succeeded to finish the task ahead of schedule.

22. 選擇題：__________ his lack of experience, he performed exceptionally well. (A) Although (B) Despite (C) However (D) Nevertheless

23. 填空題：The proposal __________ under consideration by the board.

24. 改錯題：Neither the director nor the assistants was available for comment.

25. 選擇題：I look forward to __________ from you soon. (A) hear (B) hearing (C) have heard (D) be hearing

26. 填空題：Should you __________ any problems, please do not hesitate to contact us.

27. 改錯題：The data suggests that the new strategy are working.

28. 選擇題：It was __________ that everyone was impressed. (A) such a remarkable achievement (B) so remarkable achievement (C) such remarkable achievement (D) a such remarkable achievement

29. 填空題：__________ all necessary preparations, we decided to proceed with the launch.

30. 改錯題：The car needs washed before we can use it.

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解答與解釋

1. (D) Nobody
   句意為「辦公室裡沒人知道如何操作新的軟體系統」，主詞與動詞「knows」為第三人稱單數搭配，表示「沒有人」，故選Nobody。

2. everywhere
   句意為「我們到處都找過了，但找不到遺失的發票」。looked 後面需接地方副詞，表示「到處尋找」用 “looked everywhere”。

3. There isn’t anything more… 或 There is nothing more…
   “not…nothing” 為雙重否定，不符合標準英語。應改為否定句+不定代名詞 “anything”，或肯定句+否定代名詞 “nothing”。

4. (C) will have started
   ”By the time we arrive” 表示「到我們到達的那個時間點」，指的是未來某個時間點之前已完成的事情，需用未來完成式 “will have started”。

5. getting 或 arriving
   ”be accustomed to” 中的 “to” 為介系詞，後面需接名詞或動名詞 (V-ing)，表示「習慣於…」。

6. Each of the students is responsible for his or her own project.
   主詞為 “Each”，是單數，動詞應用 “is”。代名詞應用單數的 “his or her”，在正式寫作中避免用 “their” 指代單數 “each”。

7. (C) were
   此為與現在事實相反的假設語氣（第二條件句），If 子句中的 be 動詞不論人稱，常用 “were”。

8. was
   主詞為 “The report”，“along with the supporting documents” 是附加資訊，動詞依主詞 “report” 決定，用單數 “was”。

9. The reason he is late is that his car broke down.
   ”The reason… is because…” 為冗詞，因為 “because” 已包含「原因」之意。標準用法為 “The reason… is that…”。

10. (A) oppose
    當 “not only… but also…” 連接兩個主詞時，動詞的人稱和數應與最近的主詞一致，此句最近的主詞為 “the employees”（複數），故動詞用原形 “oppose”。

11. would have taken
    此句為與過去事實相反的假設語氣（第三條件句），省略 If 的倒裝句 “Had I known” = “If I had known”，主要子句應用 “would have + 過去分詞”。

12. He asked me where the nearest post office was.
    間接問句的語序應為「主詞 + 動詞」，不再是疑問句的倒裝語序 (was the nearest…)，所以應改為 “where the nearest post office was”。

13. (A) sign
    ”It is essential that…” 為表示建議、要求、命令的形容詞，後面的 that 子句應使用原形動詞的假設語氣 (mandative subjunctive)，故用 “sign”。

14. will have been working 或 will have worked
    ”By next year” 指到明年某個時間點，且句中有 “for a decade” 表示一段時間，強調持續性可用未來完成進行式，或未來完成式。

15. The committee has been arguing among itself for hours.
    ”committee” 在此視為一個單數集合體，強調整體，所以反身代名詞應用單數的 “itself”。若強調各個成員，動詞用複數，代名詞用 themselves。

16. (B) has
    ”The number of + 複數名詞” 作主詞時，中心詞是 “number”（單數），故動詞用單數 “has”。

17. had told
    ”would rather” 後接 that 子句（that 常省略）表示寧願他人做某事時，子句需用過去式表示與現在或未來事實相反。此處「更早告訴」是指過去，故用過去完成式 “had told”。

18. She is one of the best engineers that have ever worked here.
    關係子句 “that has ever worked here” 修飾的是先行詞 “the best engineers”（複數），而非 “one”，因此動詞應用複數 “have”。

19. (B) had I arrived
    ”Scarcely/Hardly… when…” 結構中，「Scarcely/Hardly」後需接倒裝句，且動作發生在前，應用過去完成式，故為 “had I arrived”。

20. will have been completed
    句中有 “by the end of next week”（到下週末前），表示在未來某時間點前將被完成，應用未來完成式的被動語態。

21. He succeeded in finishing the task ahead of schedule.
    ”succeed” 後接動名詞時，固定搭配介系詞 “in”，即 “succeed in doing something”。

22. (B) Despite
    句意為「儘管他缺乏經驗，他表現得非常好」。後面接名詞片語 “his lack of experience”，需用介系詞 “Despite” 或 “In spite of”。“Although” 後應接子句。

23. is
    此為被動語態的現在進行式或現在簡單式。“The proposal” 是單數，且「正在被考慮」或「被考慮」的狀態，用 “is (being) under consideration”。

24. Neither the director nor the assistants were available for comment.
    ”Neither… nor…” 連接兩個主詞時，動詞的人稱和數與最近的主詞一致。此句最近主詞為 “the assistants”（複數），動詞應用複數 “were”。

25. (B) hearing
    ”look forward to” 中的 “to” 是介系詞，後面需接名詞或動名詞 (V-ing)。

26. encounter 或 have
    ”Should you…” 是省略 If 的倒裝句，= “If you should…”。在這種條件句中，“should” 後接原形動詞。

27. The data suggest that the new strategy is working.
    ”data” 是 “datum” 的複數形式，動詞通常用複數 “suggest”（尤其在學術或正式寫作中）。關係子句中的主詞 “the new strategy” 是單數，動詞應用 “is”。

28. (A) such a remarkable achievement
    ”such a/an + (形容詞) + 單數可數名詞” 為固定結構。“achievement” 是可數名詞單數，需有冠詞 “a”。

29. Having made 或 After making
    句意為「在完成了所有必要準備後，我們決定進行發布」。此為分詞構句，邏輯主詞是 “we”，且「完成」動作在「決定」之前，應用完成式分詞 “Having made”。

30. The car needs to be washed… 或 The car needs washing…
    動詞 “need” 表示「需要被…」時，有兩種正確用法：1. “need to be + 過去分詞”；2. “need + V-ing”（主動形式表被動含義）。“needs washed” 是某些方言用法，非標準英語。

一、數量形容詞：a few / few / a little / little / several / many / much

用詞	用法	含義	例句
a few	可數名詞複數	一些（正面，數量雖少但有）	I have a few friends in London.（我在倫敦有幾個朋友。）
few	可數名詞複數	很少（負面，幾乎沒有）	Few people understand this theory.（很少人理解這個理論。）
a little	不可數名詞	一點（正面，雖少但有）	She added a little sugar to her coffee.（她加了一點糖到咖啡裡。）
little	不可數名詞	很少（負面，幾乎沒有）	He has little interest in politics.（他對政治沒什麼興趣。）
several	可數名詞複數	幾個（通常指三個以上，較 a few 明確）	Several students were absent today.（今天有幾個學生缺席。）
many	可數名詞複數	很多	Many companies are hiring now.（很多公司正在招聘。）
much	不可數名詞	很多（常用於否定、疑問句）	I don’t have much time.（我沒有很多時間。）

二、其他／另一：other / another / the other / others / the others

用詞	用法	含義	例句
other	後接複數名詞	其他的（泛指）	Other people might disagree.（其他人可能不同意。）
another	後接單數名詞	另一個（泛指，通常指三者以上）	Would you like another cup of tea?（你想再來一杯茶嗎？）
the other	後接單數或複數名詞	另一個（特指兩個之中的另一個或另一群）	One is blue, the other is red.（一個是藍色，另一個是紅色。）
others	單獨使用，不接名詞	其他人／物（泛指）	Some like coffee, others prefer tea.（有些人喜歡咖啡，其他人偏愛茶。）
the others	單獨使用，不接名詞	其他人／物（特指某範圍內剩下的全部）	Five students passed; the others failed.（五個學生通過，其他人都沒通過。）
練習題

1. We have only ______ time left, so we must hurry.
   (A) a little (B) little (C) a few (D) few

2. If you don’t like this shirt, try ______ one in the display.
   (A) other (B) another (C) the other (D) others

3. ______ of the candidates were well-prepared, but some lacked experience.
   (A) Many (B) Much (C) Several (D) A little

4. I spent ______ hours fixing the computer, but it still doesn’t work properly.
   (A) much (B) a little (C) a lot of (D) few

5. Could you please pass me ______ cup of coffee?
   (A) other (B) another (C) others (D) the other

6. ______ information he provided was extremely valuable for the research.
   (A) A few (B) Few (C) The few (D) Many

7. She has read ______ books on the subject, so she knows a lot about it.
   (A) a little (B) little (C) many (D) much

8. There are two options; one is too expensive, and ______ is not practical.
   (A) another (B) other (C) the other (D) others

9. ______ effort is needed to complete the project on time.
   (A) Much (B) Many (C) A few (D) Few

10. He made ______ mistakes in the report, so he had to revise it.
    (A) a little (B) little (C) a few (D) few

解答與解釋

1. (A) a little – “Time” 是不可數名詞，且句子語意為「只剩下一點時間」，表示肯定，故用 a little。
2. (B) another – 指「另一個（同類的）」，用於非特定單數名詞前。
3. (A) Many – “Candidates” 為可數名詞複數，且語意為「許多候選人準備充分」，故用 Many。
4. (C) a lot of – “Hours” 為可數名詞複數，且語意為「花了許多小時」，肯定句常用 a lot of。
5. (B) another – 表示「再一杯咖啡」，用於單數可數名詞前。
6. (C) The few – 這裡特指「他提供的那些少量資訊」，故用 The few。
7. (C) many – “Books” 為可數名詞複數，且語意為肯定（讀了很多書），故用 many。
8. (C) the other – 總共有兩個選項，提到一個後，剩下特定的「另一個」用 the other。
9. (A) Much – “Effort” 是不可數名詞，且語意為「需要許多努力」，故用 Much。
10. (C) a few – “Mistakes” 為可數名詞複數，且語意為肯定（犯了幾個錯誤），故用 a few。e

It 的用法詳解

一、基本功能與意義

It 在英文中是一個功能強大的代名詞，主要分為以下幾種核心用法，在多益考試中出現頻率極高，務必掌握。

1. 代替前方提到的單數名詞或事物

• 作用：避免重複，使句子簡潔流暢。

• 對象：可指代單數可數名詞、不可數名詞，或先前已提及的某個事件、情況。

  例句：

  • I bought a new laptop yesterday. It is very fast. (它指代laptop)
  • The situation is complicated. We need to handle it carefully. (它指代situation)
  • She explained the proposal, but I didn’t fully understand it. (它指代the proposal)

2. 表示天氣、時間、距離或環境狀況

• 作用：在描述自然現象、時間點、距離長度或周遭環境時，作為句子的形式主詞（無具體指代對象）。

  例句：

  • It is raining heavily now. (表示天氣)
  • It is 9 o’clock. We should start the meeting. (表示時間)
  • It is about five kilometers from here to the station. (表示距離)
  • It is very quiet in the library. (表示環境狀況)

3. 作為形式主詞 (Dummy Subject) 或形式受詞 (Dummy Object)

• 作用：當主詞或受詞是較長的「不定詞片語」、「動名詞片語」或「名詞子句」時，用 it 放在主詞或受詞的位置，將真正的主詞或受詞後移，使句子結構平衡，避免頭重腳輕。

• 位置：形式主詞放句首，形式受詞放動詞後。

  A. 形式主詞 (It + 動詞 + 真正主詞) 例句：

  • It is important to prepare for the TOEIC test. (真正主詞：不定詞片語)
  • It is no use regretting the past. (真正主詞：動名詞片語)
  • It is surprising that he passed the exam without studying. (真正主詞：that子句)

  B. 形式受詞 (動詞 + it + 受詞補語 + 真正受詞) 例句：

  • I find it difficult to finish this report by Friday. (真正受詞：不定詞片語)
  • She considers it a waste of time arguing about small details. (真正受詞：動名詞片語)
  • The manager made it clear that all deadlines must be met. (真正受詞：that子句)

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多益高分關鍵提醒

多益閱讀與聽力部分常考 it 的指代關係。解題時，務必快速向前文尋找 it 所指代的單數名詞或事件。在「形式主詞/受詞」的句型中，理解句子後半部分才是真正的主幹信息。

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練習題 (共30題)

1. 單選題 Due to the sudden system failure, _______ caused a significant delay in processing all customer orders. (A) it (B) which (C) that (D) they

2. 句子改寫 請使用 it 作為形式主詞改寫以下句子： To master a new language within a short period is challenging. → _________________________________________________________

3. 指代辨識 閱讀以下句子，請問 it 指代的是什麼？ “The company has launched a new sustainability initiative. It aims to reduce carbon emissions by 30% within five years.” it 指代： _________________________________________________________

4. 單選題 ______ is evident that the project will require more funding. (A) What (B) It (C) That (D) This

5. 句子合併 合併以下句子，使用”It”作為形式主詞： The bridge collapsed. This shocked the entire community. → _________________________________________________________

6. 填空題 I find ______ hard to believe that he arrived on time. (A) this (B) that (C) it (D) which

7. 指代辨識 “The software update includes several new features. It was released yesterday.” it 指代： _________________________________________________________

8. 句子改寫 請用”It”改寫句子： That she passed the exam surprised everyone. → _________________________________________________________

9. 單選題 ______ seems unlikely that the meeting will be canceled. (A) He (B) It (C) There (D) What

10. 填空題 The manager made ______ clear that punctuality is mandatory. (A) it (B) that (C) this (D) them

11. 指代辨識 “He finally bought the car after saving for years. It is a blue sedan.” it 指代： _________________________________________________________

12. 句子改寫 將以下句子改為以”It”開頭的強調句： John broke the window yesterday. → _________________________________________________________

13. 單選題 ______ was not until midnight that they finished the report. (A) That (B) This (C) It (D) What

14. 填空題 We consider ______ our duty to help those in need. (A) this (B) that (C) it (D) which

15. 句子合併 合併句子，使用”It”作為形式主詞： The team won the championship. This delighted their fans. → _________________________________________________________

16. 指代辨識 “The committee proposed a new policy. It focuses on remote work options.” it 指代： _________________________________________________________

17. 單選題 ______ is no use crying over spilled milk. (A) There (B) It (C) That (D) What

18. 句子改寫 請用”It”改寫句子： To get a visa can be a lengthy process. → _________________________________________________________

19. 填空題 I take ______ for granted that you will submit the assignment. (A) this (B) that (C) it (D) them

20. 指代辨識 “The book contains many historical facts. It is on the bestseller list.” it 指代： _________________________________________________________

21. 單選題 ______ is uncertain whether the event will be held outdoors. (A) That (B) It (C) There (D) This

22. 句子合併 合併句子，使用”It”作為形式賓語： They found something. The task was impossible to complete in one day. → They found _________________________________________________________

23. 填空題 ______ appears that a mistake has been made in the calculation. (A) He (B) It (C) That (D) There

24. 指代辨識 “She adopted a puppy from the shelter. It is very playful.” it 指代： _________________________________________________________

25. 句子改寫 請用”It”改寫句子： Whether they will agree to the terms remains to be seen. → _________________________________________________________

26. 單選題 ______ was his negligence that led to the accident. (A) It (B) That (C) What (D) There

27. 填空題 The weather makes ______ difficult to plan the picnic. (A) this (B) that (C) it (D) them

28. 指代辨識 “The government announced an economic stimulus package. It is worth billions of dollars.” it 指代： _________________________________________________________

29. 句子改寫 將以下句子改為以”It”開頭的強調句： My mother taught me the importance of honesty. → _________________________________________________________

30. 單選題 ______ is said that honesty is the best policy. (A) That (B) It (C) This (D) What

答案與詳細解釋

1. (A) it

   • 解釋：句子主語是”the sudden system failure”，這裡需要一個主格代詞來指代它並引導後面的謂語”caused”。“(A) it” 是正確的主格代詞。其他選項：(B) which是關係代詞，需要引導定語從句；(C) that作指示代詞時，常帶有特指或對比意味，不適合用於簡單指代前文主語；(D) they是複數，而”system failure”是單數。

2. It is challenging to master a new language within a short period.

   • 解釋：原句的主語是動詞不定式短語”To master a new language within a short period”。用”It”作為形式主語放在句首，將真正的主語（動詞不定式）後置，使句子結構更平衡、更常見。

3. a new sustainability initiative

   • 解釋：第二句中的”It”指代前一句中提到的單數名詞短語”a new sustainability initiative”。

4. (B) It

   • 解釋：這裡需要一個形式主語來代表後面的主語從句”that the project will require more funding”。“It”是固定的形式主語結構”It is evident that…”。

5. It shocked the entire community that the bridge collapsed.

   • 解釋：將”This”指代的內容（The bridge collapsed）改為一個由”that”引導的名詞性從句，並用”It”作為形式主語放在句首。

6. (C) it

   • 解釋：動詞”find”後面接複合賓語（賓語+賓語補足語）時，如果真正的賓語是後面的動詞不定式短語或從句，常用”it”作為形式賓語。結構為”find it + adj. + to do/that clause”。

7. The software update

   • 解釋：第二句中的”It”指代前一句的主語”The software update”。

8. It surprised everyone that she passed the exam.

   • 解釋：原句主語是名詞性從句”That she passed the exam”。用”It”作為形式主語，將真正的主語從句後置。

9. (B) It

   • 解釋：固定句型”It seems unlikely that…”，其中”It”是形式主語。

10. (A) it

    • 解釋：動詞”made”後面接複合賓語。真正的賓語是後面的”that”從句，所以用”it”作為形式賓語。結構為”make it clear that…”。

11. the car

    • 解釋：第二句中的”It”指代前一句的賓語”the car”。

12. It was John who broke the window yesterday. / It was the window that John broke yesterday. / It was yesterday that John broke the window.

    • 解釋：這是”It”引導的強調句型結構：It is/was + 被強調部分 + that/who + 句子其餘部分。可以分別強調主語(John)、賓語(the window)或時間狀語(yesterday)。

13. (C) It

    • 解釋：固定強調句型”It was not until… that…”，表示”直到…才…”。

14. (C) it

    • 解釋：動詞”consider”後接複合賓語，真正的賓語是後面的動詞不定式”to help…”，所以用”it”作形式賓語。結構為”consider it + n./adj. + to do”。

15. It delighted their fans that the team won the championship.

    • 解釋：將”This”指代的內容（The team won the championship）改為一個由”that”引導的名詞性從句，並用”It”作為形式主語。

16. a new policy

    • 解釋：第二句中的”It”指代前一句的賓語”a new policy”。

17. (B) It

    • 解釋：固定句型”It is no use doing sth.”，表示”做某事沒有用”。

18. It can be a lengthy process to get a visa.

    • 解釋：原句主語是動詞不定式”To get a visa”。用”It”作為形式主語，將真正主語後置。

19. (C) it

    • 解釋：固定搭配”take it for granted that…”，表示”認為…是理所當然的”，其中”it”是形式賓語。

20. The book

    • 解釋：第二句中的”It”指代前一句的主語”The book”。

21. (B) It

    • 解釋：固定句型”It is uncertain whether…”，其中”It”是形式主語，代表後面的”whether”從句。

22. it impossible to complete the task in one day.

    • 解釋：動詞”found”後接複合賓語。真正的賓語是後面的動詞不定式”to complete…”，所以用”it”作形式賓語。結構為”find it + adj. + to do”。

23. (B) It

    • 解釋：固定句型”It appears that…”，表示”似乎…”，“It”是形式主語。

24. a puppy

    • 解釋：第二句中的”It”指代前一句的賓語”a puppy”。

25. It remains to be seen whether they will agree to the terms.

    • 解釋：原句主語是”Whether”引導的名詞性從句。用”It”作為形式主語，將真正的主語從句後置。

26. (A) It

    • 解釋：這是”It”引導的強調句型。被強調的部分是”his negligence”。原句為：His negligence led to the accident.

27. (C) it

    • 解釋：動詞”makes”後接複合賓語。真正的賓語是後面的動詞不定式”to plan…”，所以用”it”作形式賓語。結構為”make it + adj. + to do”。

28. an economic stimulus package

    • 解釋：第二句中的”It”指代前一句的賓語”an economic stimulus package”。

29. It was my mother who taught me the importance of honesty. / It was the importance of honesty that my mother taught me.

    • 解釋：使用”It”引導的強調句型。可以強調主語(my mother)或賓語(the importance of honesty)。

30. (B) It

    • 解釋：固定表達”It is said that…”，表示”據說…”，“It”是形式主語。

1. 用法與意思解釋

以下是英文中常用來表達「因果」、「目的」、「條件」、「對比」和「時間」的連接詞與片語，它們對組織句子邏輯至關重要，是多益考試的常考重點。

Despite / Regardless of – 表示「儘管」、「無論」，用於引導對比或讓步。後接名詞、動名詞或名詞片語。

• Despite his hard work, he didn’t pass the exam. (儘管他很努力，還是沒通過考試。)
• They went hiking regardless of the bad weather. (他們不顧惡劣天氣還是去爬山了。)

In order to / To – 表示「為了…」，用於引導行動的目的。後接原形動詞。

• She studies hard in order to get a scholarship. (她為了獲得獎學金而努力學習。)

Due to / Because of – 表示「由於」、「因為」，用於說明原因。後接名詞或名詞片語。

• The flight was canceled due to the typhoon. (航班因颱風而被取消。)

Because / Since / As – 表示「因為」，用於引導原因子句。後接完整句子（主詞+動詞）。

• Because it was raining, we stayed indoors. (因為下雨，我們待在室內。)

Resulted in / Led to – 表示「導致」、「造成」，用於說明結果。主詞通常是「原因」。

• The heavy rain resulted in severe flooding. (大雨導致了嚴重淹水。)

Rather than / Instead of – 表示「而不是」，用於表達偏好或選擇上的對比。

• I prefer tea rather than coffee. (我喜歡茶而不是咖啡。)

So that / In order that – 表示「以便」、「為了」，用於引導目的子句。子句中常帶有 can, could, will, would 等助動詞。

• He saved money so that he could buy a new car. (他存錢是為了能買輛新車。)

In case – 表示「以防萬一」，用於說明預防措施。

• Take an umbrella in case it rains. (帶把傘以防下雨。)

As soon as – 表示「一…就…」，用於引導緊接著發生的時間。

• I’ll call you as soon as I arrive. (我一到就給你打電話。)

As long as / Provided that – 表示「只要」，用於引導條件。

• You can borrow my book as long as you return it next week. (只要下週歸還，你可以借我的書。)

Now that – 表示「既然、由於（某個新狀況）」，用於引導一個已知或已發生的原因。

• Now that you’re here, we can start the meeting. (既然你到了，我們可以開始開會了。)

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2. 功能分類表格整理

功能	關鍵字/片語	後接詞性/結構	中文核心意涵
對比/讓步	Despite, Regardless of	名詞 / 動名詞 / 名詞片語	儘管、不顧
目的	In order to, To, So that	原形動詞 / 子句	為了、以便
原因	Due to, Because of, Because, Since, As, Now that	名詞片語 / 子句	因為、由於、既然
結果	Resulted in, Led to	名詞 / 名詞片語	導致、造成
選擇/替代	Rather than, Instead of	名詞 / 動名詞	而不是
條件	As long as, Provided that	子句	只要
時間	As soon as	子句	一…就…
預防	In case	子句	以防萬一

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3. 練習題 請選擇最適合的選項填入空格中。

4. __ the economic challenges, the company managed to achieve a small profit this quarter. (A) Because (B) Despite (C) Due to (D) Now that

5. The new policy was implemented __ improve work efficiency and reduce costs. (A) resulted in (B) in order to (C) rather than (D) in case

6. The manager decided to postpone the project launch __ further testing could be completed. (A) so that (B) regardless of (C) as soon as (D) rather than

7. __ the heavy rain, the outdoor concert was moved to an indoor venue. (A) Despite (B) Because of (C) Unless (D) Although

8. She saved the document __ losing the unsaved progress. (A) as soon as (B) so that (C) in order to (D) in case of

9. The CEO announced his retirement, __ took everyone by surprise. (A) what (B) that (C) which (D) whom

10. We need to finalize the proposal __ the client arrives tomorrow morning. (A) until (B) after (C) by the time (D) before

11. The report must be concise, __ it should not exceed three pages. (A) however (B) for instance (C) namely (D) in other words

12. __ the team’s effort, the project failed to meet the deadline. (A) Despite (B) Because of (C) As for (D) In spite

13. The contract was signed __ both parties were satisfied with the terms. (A) because of (B) as a result of (C) after (D) although

14. __ you have finished the training, you can start working on the actual tasks. (A) Now that (B) Because of (C) In case (D) Despite

15. He decided to take a taxi __ miss the important meeting. (A) in order not to (B) so that (C) for (D) as a result of

16. The conference was postponed __ the keynote speaker fell ill. (A) although (B) because of (C) due to the fact that (D) in spite of

17. The product was recalled __ a potential safety hazard was discovered. (A) after (B) in case (C) despite (D) because

18. The budget must be approved __ the end of this month. (A) until (B) by (C) for (D) from

19. __ the high demand, we have decided to increase production. (A) As for (B) In view of (C) Regardless of (D) Despite

20. Please contact our support team __ you encounter any technical issues. (A) in order to (B) in case (C) because (D) as soon as

21. The company invested heavily in R&D __ stay ahead of the competition. (A) in order that (B) in order to (C) so as not to (D) rather than

22. __ his extensive experience, he was not selected for the promotion. (A) Because of (B) In spite of (C) As for (D) As a result of

23. The flight was delayed __ bad weather conditions. (A) due to (B) although (C) because (D) in order to

24. She prefers to work remotely __ commuting to the office every day. (A) in order to (B) rather than (C) because of (D) so that

25. The system will be shut down for maintenance __ midnight tonight. (A) at (B) until (C) by (D) for

26. __ you have any further questions, please do not hesitate to ask. (A) Unless (B) In case (C) Now that (D) Although

27. He worked overtime for several weeks __ meet the project deadline. (A) in order that (B) for (C) so as to (D) because

28. __ the new regulations, we need to update our compliance procedures. (A) According to (B) In spite of (C) Because (D) Even though

29. The meeting will start on time __ any late arrivals. (A) regardless of (B) in case of (C) because of (D) due to

30. __ improving customer satisfaction, we have launched a new feedback system. (A) In order that (B) With a view to (C) So as not to (D) As a result of

31. The package will be delivered __ you are at home. (A) whether (B) either (C) even if (D) unless

32. __ the company’s profits increased, employee salaries remained the same. (A) Despite (B) Although (C) Because (D) In case

33. All applications must be submitted online __ August 31st. (A) by (B) on (C) until (D) in

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答案與詳細解釋：

1. (B) Despite
   • 前後句意為轉折：「儘管有經濟挑戰，公司本季度仍實現了小幅盈利。」“Despite” 表示「儘管」，後接名詞或名詞性短語。
2. (B) in order to
   • 句意為「新政策被實施，是為了提高工作效率並降低成本。」“in order to” 表示目的，後接原形動詞。
3. (A) so that
   • 句意為「經理決定推遲項目啟動，以便完成進一步的測試。」“so that” 表示目的，後接一個完整的子句（could be completed）。
4. (B) Because of
   • 句意為「因為大雨，戶外音樂會被移至室內場地。」前後為因果關係，且後接名詞短語（the heavy rain），所以用 “Because of”。
5. (D) in case of
   • 句意為「她保存了文件，以防丟失未保存的進度。」“in case of” 表示「以防，萬一」，後接名詞或動名詞。
6. (C) which
   • 句意為「CEO宣布退休，這讓每個人都感到驚訝。」這是一個非限定性關係子句，修飾前面整個主句，需用 “which”。
7. (D) before
   • 句意為「我們需要在客戶明天早上到達之前完成提案。」表示時間上的先後，在…之前。
8. (D) in other words
   • 句意為「報告必須簡潔，換句話說，它不應超過三頁。」後句是對前句的換一種說法解釋，所以用 “in other words”。
9. (A) Despite
   • 句意為「儘管團隊付出了努力，項目還是未能按時完成。」前後為轉折關係，且後接名詞短語（the team’s effort），所以用 “Despite”。
10. (C) after
    • 句意為「在雙方都對條款滿意之後，合同才被簽署。」表示時間順序，在…之後。
11. (A) Now that
    • 句意為「既然你已經完成了培訓，你可以開始處理實際任務了。」“Now that” 表示「既然，由於」，引導一個既成事實的原因。
12. (A) in order not to
    • 句意為「他決定乘坐計程車，以免錯過重要會議。」表示目的，且是否定目的「為了不…」，所以用 “in order not to”。
13. (C) due to the fact that
    • 句意為「會議被推遲，因為主題演講者生病了。」此處需要一個連接詞來引導一個完整的原因子句（the keynote speaker fell ill）。“due to the fact that” 等於 “because”。
14. (A) after
    • 句意為「在發現潛在安全隱患後，該產品被召回。」表示時間順序，在…之後。
15. (B) by
    • 句意為「預算必須在本月底之前獲得批准。」“by” 表示「不遲於，在…之前」。
16. (B) In view of
    • 句意為「考慮到高需求，我們決定增加產量。」“In view of” 表示「考慮到，鑑於」，後接名詞短語。
17. (B) in case
    • 句意為「如果您遇到任何技術問題，請聯繫我們的支援團隊。」“in case” 表示「如果，萬一」，引導一個條件子句。
18. (B) in order to
    • 句意為「公司大力投資研發，以保持領先於競爭對手。」表示目的，後接原形動詞（stay）。
19. (B) In spite of
    • 句意為「儘管他有豐富的經驗，但還是沒有被選中升職。」前後為轉折關係，且後接名詞短語（his extensive experience）。
20. (A) due to
    • 句意為「航班由於惡劣天氣條件而延誤。」表示原因，後接名詞短語（bad weather conditions）。
21. (B) rather than
    • 句意為「她喜歡遠程工作，而不是每天通勤去辦公室。」表示選擇或對比，「而不是…」。
22. (A) at
    • 句意為「系統將於今晚午夜進行維護關閉。」表示具體的時間點，用 “at”。
23. (B) In case
    • 句意為「如果您有任何進一步的問題，請隨時提出。」“In case” 在此作為連接詞，引導條件句，意為「如果，假使」。
24. (C) so as to
    • 句意為「他連續幾週加班，以便能趕上項目截止日期。」表示目的，後接原形動詞（meet）。
25. (A) According to
    • 句意為「根據新規定，我們需要更新合規程序。」“According to” 表示「根據」。
26. (A) regardless of
    • 句意為「會議將準時開始，不管是否有遲到者。」表示「不管，不顧」。
27. (B) With a view to
    • 句意為「為了提高客戶滿意度，我們推出了一個新的反饋系統。」“With a view to” 表示「為了，目的是」，後接動名詞或名詞。
28. (C) even if
    • 句意為「包裹會被遞送，即使您不在家。」表示讓步，「即使」。
29. (B) Although
    • 句意為「雖然公司利潤增加了，但員工工資保持不變。」前後為轉折關係，且後接一個完整子句（the company’s profits increased），所以用 “Although”。
30. (A) by
    • 句意為「所有申請必須在8月31日之前線上提交。」表示截止日期，「不遲於…」，用 “by”。B) in order to
31. (A) so that

關係子句與分詞構句完整解析
（適用於多益考試與英文寫作）

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一、關係代名詞句型要點

1. 先行詞與關係代名詞的對應

   • 關係代名詞（who, which, that）須與先行詞的單複數一致，但動詞時態由主句決定。
   • 例：
     • The book that is on the table is mine.（單數）
     • The books that are on the table are mine.（複數）

2. 關係代名詞 that 的特殊用法

   • 可引導受詞子句，且常可省略（尤其在口語中）。
   • 例：
     • I know (that) you are right.（that 可省略）
     • The movie (that) we watched was exciting.（that 作受詞，可省略）

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二、關係副詞（When, Why, Where）與關係代名詞的區別

• When 表時間（= at/in/on which）：
  • I remember the day when (= on which) we first met.
• Where 表地點（= in/at which）：
  • This is the office where (= in which) I work.
• Why 表原因（= for which）：
  • Tell me the reason why (= for which) you left.
• 注意：關係副詞後接完整句子，關係代名詞後接不完整句子（缺主詞或受詞）。

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三、分詞構句：連結與主被動轉換

1. 主動語態 → 現在分詞（V-ing）

   • 原句：Because he studied hard, he passed the exam.
   • 分詞構句：Studying hard, he passed the exam.

2. 被動語態 → 過去分詞（Vpp）

   • 原句：When it is used correctly, this tool is efficient.
   • 分詞構句：Used correctly, this tool is efficient.

3. 分詞構句的功能：取代副詞子句，表達時間、原因、條件、讓步等，使句子簡潔。

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四、Which 的省略與分詞轉換

• 關係代名詞 which 省略時，後方動詞依語意變為現在分詞（V-ing） 或過去分詞（Vpp）。
  • 例：
    • The system which is used for analysis → The system used for analysis.（被動→Vpp）
    • The man who is standing there → The man standing there.（主動進行→V-ing）

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五、練習題

1. 改寫句子：
   “The report which was written by our team has been approved.”
   → 使用分詞構句改寫：
   The report written by our team has been approved.

2. 選擇題：
   The reason ________ he resigned remains unclear.
   (A) which
   (B) why
   (C) where
   (D) when

3. 合併句子：
   I visited the city. My parents met there 30 years ago.
   → 使用關係副詞合併：
   I visited the city where my parents met 30 years ago.

4. 改寫句子：
   “Because she felt tired, she went to bed early.”
   → 使用分詞構句改寫：
   Feeling tired, she went to bed early.

5. 選擇題：
   This is the house ________ I grew up.
   (A) which
   (B) why
   (C) where
   (D) that

6. 合併句子：
   That is the museum. The famous painting is kept there.
   → 使用關係副詞合併：
   That is the museum where the famous painting is kept.

7. 改寫句子：
   “The man who is standing over there is our principal.”
   → 使用分詞構句改寫：
   The man standing over there is our principal.

8. 選擇題：
   I still remember the day ________ we first met.
   (A) which
   (B) why
   (C) where
   (D) when

9. 合併句子：
   He explained the reason. He was late for that reason.
   → 使用關係副詞合併：
   He explained the reason why he was late.

10. 改寫句子：
    “After he finished his work, he went home.”
    → 使用分詞構句改寫：
    Having finished his work, he went home.

11. 選擇題：
    The way ________ he solved the problem was brilliant.
    (A) which
    (B) why
    (C) where
    (D) that

12. 合併句子：
    Monday is the day. Our project is due on that day.
    → 使用關係副詞合併：
    Monday is the day when our project is due.

13. 改寫句子：
    “The book which was published last year became a bestseller.”
    → 使用分詞構句改寫：
    The book published last year became a bestseller.

14. 選擇題：
    That’s the reason ________ I cannot agree with you.
    (A) which
    (B) why
    (C) where
    (D) when

15. 合併句子：
    She showed me the park. She exercises there every morning.
    → 使用關係副詞合併：
    She showed me the park where she exercises every morning.

16. 改寫句子：
    “Because he was criticized, he felt upset.”
    → 使用分詞構句改寫：
    Criticized, he felt upset. / Being criticized, he felt upset.

17. 選擇題：
    The office ________ he works is on the fifth floor.
    (A) which
    (B) why
    (C) where
    (D) that

18. 合併句子：
    Summer is the season. Many people travel during that season.
    → 使用關係副詞合併：
    Summer is the season when many people travel.

19. 改寫句子：
    “The students who are studying in the library are very quiet.”
    → 使用分詞構句改寫：
    The students studying in the library are very quiet.

20. 選擇題：
    The time ________ we spend together is precious.
    (A) which
    (B) why
    (C) where
    (D) that

21. 合併句子：
    Do you know the cafe? The meeting will be held there.
    → 使用關係副詞合併：
    Do you know the cafe where the meeting will be held?

22. 改寫句子：
    “After she had locked the door, she left the house.”
    → 使用分詞構句改寫：
    Having locked the door, she left the house.

23. 選擇題：
    We visited the town ________ my grandmother was born.
    (A) which
    (B) why
    (C) where
    (D) when

24. 合併句子：
    Please tell me the reason. You are unhappy for that reason.
    → 使用關係副詞合併：
    Please tell me the reason why you are unhappy.

25. 改寫句子：
    “The car which was parked illegally was towed away.”
    → 使用分詞構句改寫：
    The car parked illegally was towed away.

26. 選擇題：
    There was a period ________ I felt very lost.
    (A) which
    (B) why
    (C) where
    (D) when

27. 合併句子：
    The stadium is very large. The championship game will be held there.
    → 使用關係副詞合併：
    The stadium where the championship game will be held is very large.

28. 改寫句子：
    “Since he was encouraged by his teacher, he tried again.”
    → 使用分詞構句改寫：
    Encouraged by his teacher, he tried again.

29. 選擇題：
    The point ________ he made during the meeting was very important.
    (A) which
    (B) why
    (C) where
    (D) that

30. 合併句子：
    April is the month. Cherry blossoms bloom in that month.
    → 使用關係副詞合併：
    April is the month when cherry blossoms bloom.

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詳細解釋與答案

一、關係代名詞 關係代名詞 (which, that, who, whom, whose) 用來引導形容詞子句，修飾先行詞（名詞或代名詞），並在子句中充當主詞、受詞或所有格。

• 選擇題答案： 2. (B) why — “the reason” 後的關係副詞應用 why。 5. (C) where — “the house” 表示地點，其後的關係副詞應用 where。 8. (D) when — “the day” 表示時間，其後的關係副詞應用 when。 11. (D) that — “the way” 後接關係代名詞 that 或省略，在此 that 為正解。 14. (B) why — “the reason” 後的關係副詞應用 why。 17. (C) where — “the office” 表示地點，其後的關係副詞應用 where。 20. (D) that — “the time” 在此非指特定時間點，而是“我們一起度過的『時間』”，作為子句動詞 “spend” 的受詞，應用關係代名詞 that 或省略。 23. (C) where — “the town” 表示地點，其後的關係副詞應用 where。 26. (D) when — “a period” 表示一段時間，其後的關係副詞應用 when。 29. (D) that — “the point” 在此指“論點”，是子句動詞 “made” 的受詞，應用關係代名詞 that 或 which。

二、關係副詞 關係副詞 (where, when, why, how) 用來引導形容詞子句，修飾表示地點、時間、理由、方式的先行詞，並在子句中充當副詞。

• 合併句子答案與說明： 3. I visited the city where my parents met 30 years ago. — “the city” 是地點，用 where。 6. That is the museum where the famous painting is kept. — “the museum” 是地點，用 where。 9. He explained the reason why he was late. — “the reason” 是理由，用 why。 12. Monday is the day when our project is due. — “the day” 是時間，用 when。 15. She showed me the park where she exercises every morning. — “the park” 是地點，用 where。 18. Summer is the season when many people travel. — “the season” 是時間，用 when。 21. Do you know the cafe where the meeting will be held? — “the cafe” 是地點，用 where。 24. Please tell me the reason why you are unhappy. — “the reason” 是理由，用 why。 27. The stadium where the championship game will be held is very large. — “the stadium” 是地點，用 where。 30. April is the month when cherry blossoms bloom. — “the month” 是時間，用 when。

三、分詞構句 將副詞子句簡化，省略連接詞與主詞，並將動詞改為現在分詞 (V-ing) 或過去分詞 (V-ed/p.p.)。用以表示時間、原因、條件、讓步等關係。

• 改寫句子答案與說明：
  1. The report written by our team has been approved. — 原句為被動 (which was written)，改為過去分詞 written。
  2. Feeling tired, she went to bed early. — 原句表原因 (Because she felt)，主詞相同，將 felt 改為現在分詞 Feeling。
  3. The man standing over there is our principal. — 原句為進行式或形容狀態 (who is standing)，改為現在分詞 standing。
  4. Having finished his work, he went home. — 原句表時間先後 (After he finished)，且 finish 動作在 go home 之前完成，用完成式分詞 Having finished。
  5. The book published last year became a bestseller. — 原句為被動 (which was published)，改為過去分詞 published。
  6. (Being) Criticized, he felt upset. — 原句表原因 (Because he was criticized)，主詞相同，被動語態改為過去分詞 Criticized，可保留 Being 強調狀態。
  7. The students studying in the library are very quiet. — 原句為進行式或形容狀態 (who are studying)，改為現在分詞 studying。
  8. Having locked the door, she left the house. — 原句表時間先後 (After she had locked)，且 lock 動作在 leave 之前完成，用完成式分詞 Having locked。
  9. The car parked illegally was towed away. — 原句為被動 (which was parked)，改為過去分詞 parked。
  10. Encouraged by his teacher, he tried again. — 原句表原因 (Since he was encouraged)，主詞相同，被動語態改為過去分詞 Encouraged。et there 30 years ago.
      → 使用關係副詞合併：________________________

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提示：練習題答案可參考分詞構句轉換規則、關係副詞用法，以及先行詞與關係詞的邏輯對應。

閱讀測驗共有75分鐘分3個部分 句子填空: 總共30題為四選一的單選題 語態：

段落填空: 總共四篇文章，每篇文章4個問題，都為四選一的單選

文章理解: 共有54題 分為單文章閱讀理解29題，多篇文章閱讀理解25題

项目分解

将复杂项目分解成可执行的小项目。

範例題目文稿

Number 1 A, there was a car accident on the road. B, the traffic signal malfunctioned. C, there was smooth traffic on the overpass. D, traffic jams were everywhere. Number 2 A, they are celebrating someone’s birthday. B, they are having a picnic on the grass. See, both women are wearing hats. D, the men are playing musical instruments. Number 3 A, the man is using a lawnmower. B, the woman is carrying crops C, they are working in the field. D, the crops are all withered. Number 4, a many people are lining up for the Ferris wheel B, the amusement park is not yet open. C maintenance workers are about to repair the amusement facilities. D, there is a lot of garbage on the floor. 第1題 A，路上發生了一場車禍。B，交通信號故障了。C，高架橋上交通順暢。D，到處都是交通堵塞。 第2題 A，他們正在慶祝某人的生日。B，他們正在草地上野餐。C，兩位女士都戴著帽子。D，男士們正在演奏樂器。 第3題 A，這位男士正在使用除草機。B，這位女士正在搬運農作物。C，他們正在田裡工作。D，農作物全都枯萎了。 第4題 A，許多人正在排隊等候摩天輪。B，遊樂園尚未開放。C，維修人員即將修理遊樂設施。D，地板上有許多垃圾。

Number one, where did you learn English? Hey, when I was studying in the us B around 10 years ago, see, I need to improve my reading skills. Number two, would you like something to drink? I don’t have the answer to that question. A glass of water would be nice. See, what do you think? Number 3, where are you from Jesse? A, what’s the dress code B? You have to know his intention first. See, I was born in Taiwan and came to New York 10 years ago. Number 4, how would you like to pay for this Ma? I’ll pay by credit card, please. B, that’s way too expensive. See, is that the newest model? Number 5, what time will the train leave? Hey, it’s a bit too far. B in 5 minutes, Sir, See, I have only one bag. Number 6, do you have the user’s guide for this software? A Jerry installed it for me last week. Me, the VP of marketing, will give a speech. See, I have the PDF version. I’ll email it to you. Number 7, you really like that jacket, don’t you? Hey, here is my membership card B, yeah, and I’m thinking about buying it later. See, okay, I will. Number 8, oh no, I forgot my password a well. I’m sure you can reset it from the system B, I am afraid I can’t agree with you. See, you should change your password once a month.

Questions 1 through three refer to the following conversation. Oh my, everything is getting so expensive here in Taipei. Maybe we should relocate our business to another location? Well, how about outsourcing some of our business in the meantime? That’s an interesting idea, so what do you have in mind? Okay, like outsourcing our It department, maybe? Interesting, tell me more, right? I think that instead of handling all It issues by ourselves, we can simply outsource them and save some money. Good idea. And we can just focus on the areas that make our business grow, right? Exactly, if you also think it’s a workable plan, I can start to survey some It outsourcing firms next week. Number one, what are the speakers talking about?

Number two, who are the speakers?

Number 3, what is the man going to do next?

Questions 4 through 6 refer to the following conversation. Hey Mary, how’s everything? Not bad? Hey Jack, do you know that I’m moving to Orange County? Really, why? Well, this is because I found a job there and I prefer to live in the same neighborhood I see. Then you must be very busy packing, right? Yeah I’ve got boxes, clothes and stuff all over the place. It’s really a mess. Do you need a I’m free this weekend? If you could help me move everything this Saturday that would be wonderful, thank you so much. Number 4, why is the woman moving?

Number 5, what is the woman currently busy with.

Number 6, what is the man going to do on the weekend?

Question 7 through 9 refer to the following conversation. Jack, I don’t quite understand this training schedule, what’s wrong? Let me see. Well, it seems to me that one presentation training session is missing. It’s a bit weird. Let’s bring up your training schedule on the computer here, right? So you’ve registered for a communication for sales reps training and the presentation training, right?

Exactly, I didn’t remember receiving a confirmation message for the presentation training session, though according to the system, the presentation training class is fully booked already. Maybe that’s why you didn’t get the confirmation from the registration system. Well, then I’ll just need to write for the next session in July, right? Yeah, I guess so. It’s a pretty popular training. Anyway, number 7, what are the speakers talking about?

Number 8, what does the man say about the presentation class?

Number 9, when will the woman attend the presentation training?

Questions 10 through 12 refer to the following conversation. And hey, John, do you know there is a new sushi bar that opened recently near our office called Osama? No, haven’t heard. Tell me more about it. They said it is run by a chef from Tokyo who used to cook for the Emperor and they advertise that all the seafood is freshly imported daily to satisfy the gourmand’s taste buds. Sounds tempting?

Well, it’s almost lunchtime. Why don’t we go and try it out? That’s what I’m thinking too, it’s on Main Street across from Cafe Rio, between the bookstore and the beauty salon, shall we meet there? Okay, hopefully it won’t be too crowded today, shall I call in first and reserve a table for two for 12 o’clock? I may be running a little late today. Can we make it half an hour later? Got it? I’ll make the call right away. Number 10, what are they talking about?

Number 11, look at the graph. Where will they meet for lunch?

Number 12, what time does the woman suggest to meet?

Questions 1 through three refer to the following talk. Welcome, everyone. Thank you for coming to Snow White Ice Cream Factory. In today’s tour I’ll be showing you all the machines and equipment we use to make the ice cream and demonstrating how the ice cream is made. After that, we’ll visit the hard-working cows in the farm. You’ll also get a chance to taste our latest flavor at the end of the tour.

If it’s the first time you are visiting the factory, I highly recommend that you spend an extra hour in the park where you can find a beautiful garden to take a picture or two and an on-site ice cream shop where you can enjoy all the delicious ice cream made by our factory. Before you head out to, don’t forget to save some time to browse our gift shop that’s right next to the gate. Number one, who most likely is the speaker.

Number 2, what does the speaker recommend the visitors do after the tour?

Number 3, what does the speaker suggest the visitors do before they leave?

Questions 4, 6 refer to the Hi. This is Cindy from the sales department. Previously, my client placed an order of 200 metal chairs from us and requested express shipping. However, it’s been three days and he still hasn’t received them. Now he is complaining and asking us to deliver his products by the next business day. Otherwise he is canceling the order. Could you help me trace order number 6 1 2 9 0 7 and check its current shipping status? I’m pretty sure there was still enough stock when the order was placed, so I believe there might be something wrong with the logistics since I will be out of the country this afternoon, please provide me with the updates of the order through email as soon as possible.

Thanks Number 4 Why is the speaker calling?

Number 5, what should the company do to avoid the cancellation?

Number 6, how should the listener give updates to the speaker?

Questions 7 through 9 refer to the following talk. Today, we need to finalize all the details about the education fair in March. It’s basically the largest and the most crucial one as it provides visitors with the application details of the full semester. Obviously, that’s what most people are interested in. We need to make sure we choose a convenient venue close to a metro station, which is also big enough to contain at least 30 booths for the schools. In addition to the venue, we need to decide which platforms we will be posting our advertisements on since Mr Smith has already come up with several options, let’s do a poll at the end of the meeting. Number 7, what does the speaker want to focus on in today’s meeting?

Number 8, what does the speaker mean when he says, obviously, that’s what most people are interested in.

Number 9, what are the listeners asked to do at the end of the meeting?

Questions 1012 Refer to the following talk and graph. Are you ready for the children’s day long weekend? This year?

Dream World is also celebrating its 8th anniversary and is granting special prizes to lucky visitors like you. Bring your ID card with you when you visit during the five day holidays. If your ID number shows number 8, you are our special guest. Earn 1 free entrance. If your ID number has one. Number 8, earn a free meal at our family restaurant. If your ID has double eights, earn a beautiful mountain bike. If your ID shows triple 8 S, and if your number shows 4 or more eights in a row, you can even have a chance to win a draw for a round trip ticket to Hawaii. Search Www dot dreamworld dot com to see details of ourgame rules.

There are also many other surprises for you. Come to Dream World. Make your dreams come true. Number 10, when is Dream World giving out special prizes?

Number 11, look at the graphic. Which combination of the numbers can win a mountain bike?

Number 12, where is the destination for the prize of a round trip ticket?

Number 1 A, there was a car accident on the road. B, the traffic signal malfunctioned. C, there was smooth traffic on the overpass. D, traffic jams were everywhere.

Number A, they are celebrating someone’s birthday. B, they are having a picnic on the grass. C, both women are wearing hats. D, the men are playing musical instruments.

Number 3 A, the man is using a lawnmower. B, the woman is carrying crops C, they are working in the field. D, the crops are all withered. Number 4, a many people are lining up for the Ferris wheel B, the amusement park is not yet open. C maintenance workers are about to repair the amusement facilities. D, there is a lot of garbage on the floor.

Number one, where did you learn English? Hey, when I was studying in the us B around 10 years ago, see, I need to improve my reading skills.

Number two, would you like something to drink? He, I don’t have the answer to that question. BA glass of water would be nice. See, what do you think? Number 3, where are you from Jesse? A, what’s the dress code B? You have to know his intention first. See, I was born in Taiwan and came to New York 10 years ago.

Number 4, how would you like to pay for this man? A I’ll pay by credit card, please. B, that’s way too expensive. See, is that the newest model?

Number 5, what time will the train leave? It’s a bit too far. B in five minutes. Sir C, I have only one bag. Number 6, do you have the user’s guide for this software? A Jerry installed for me last week. Me, the VP of Marketing, will give a speech. See, I have the PDF version. I’ll email it to you. Number 7, you really like that jacket, don’t you? Hey, here is my membership card B, yeah, and I’m thinking about buying it later. See, okay, I will.

Number 8, oh no, I forgot my password a well. I’m sure you can reset it from the system B, I am afraid I can’t agree with you. See, you should change your password once a month.

Questions 1 through three refer to the following conversation. Oh my, everything is getting so expensive here in Taipei. Maybe we should relocate our business to another location? Well, how about outsourcing some of our business in the meantime? That’s an interesting idea, so what do you have in mind? Okay, like outsourcing It department, maybe Interesting, tell me more, right? I think that instead of handling all It issues by ourselves, we can simply outsource them and save some money. Good idea. And we can just focus on the areas that make our business grow, right? Exactly, if you also think it’s a workable plan, I can start to survey some It outsourcing firms next week. Number one, what are the speakers talking about?

Number two, who are the speakers?

Number 3, what is the man going to do next?

Questions 4 through 6 refer to the following conversation. Hey Mary, how’s everything? Not bad? Hey Jack, do you know that I’m moving to Orange County? Really, why? Well, this is because I found a job there and I prefer to live in the same neighborhood I see. Then you must be very busy packing, right? Yeah I’ve got boxes, clothes and stuff all over the place. It’s really a mess. Do you need a I’m free this weekend? If you could help me move everything this Saturday that would be wonderful, thank you so much. Number 4, why is the woman moving?

Number 5, what is the woman currently busy with.

Number 6, what is the man going to do on the weekend?

Question 7 through 9 refer to the following conversation. Jack, I don’t quite understand this training schedule, what’s wrong? Let me see. Well, it seems to me that one presentation training session is missing. It’s a bit weird, Let’s bring up your training schedule on the computer here, right? So you’ve registered for a communication for sales reps training and the presentation training, right? Exactly, I didn’t remember receiving a confirmation message for the presentation training session, though according to the system, the presentation training class is fully booked already. Maybe that’s why you didn’t get the confirmation from the registration system. Well, then I’ll just need to wait for the next session in July, right? Yeah, I guess so, it’s a pretty popular training anyway.

Number 7, what are the speakers talking about?

Number 8, what does the man say about the presentation class?

Number 9, when will the woman attend the presentation training?

Questions 1012 refer to the following conversation and graph.

Hey John, do you know there is a new sushi bar that opened recently near our office called Osama? No, haven’t heard, Tell me about it. They said it is run by a chef from Tokyo who used to cook for the Emperor and they advertise that all the seafood is freshly imported daily to satisfy the gourmand’s taste buds. Sounds tempting? Well, it’s almost lunchtime. Why don’t we go and try it out?

That’s what I’m thinking from 2, it’s on Main Street across from Cafe Rio, between the bookstore and the beauty salon, shall we meet there? Okay, hopefully it won’t be too crowded today, shall I call in first and reserve a table for two for 12 o’clock? I may be running a little late today. Can we make it half an hour later? Got it? I’ll make the call right away. Number 10, what are they talking about?

Number 11, look at the graph. Where will they meet for lunch?

Number 12, what time does the woman suggest to meet?

Questions 1 through three refer to the following talk. Welcome, everyone. Thank you for coming to Snow White Ice Cream Factory. In today’s tour I’ll be showing you all the machines and equipment we use to make the ice cream and demonstrating how the ice cream is made. After that, we’ll visit the hard working cows in the farm. You’ll also get a chance to taste our latest flavor at the end of the tour.

If it’s the first time you are visiting the factory, I highly recommend that you spend an extra hour in the park where you can find a beautiful garden to take a picture or two and an on-site ice cream shop where you can enjoy all the delicious ice cream made by our factory. Before you head out, don’t forget to save some time to browse our gift shop that’s right next to the gate. Number one, who most likely is the speaker?

Number 2, what does the speaker recommend the visitors do after the tour?

Number 3, what does the speaker suggest the visitors do before they leave?

Questions 4, 6 refer to the Hi. This is Cindy from the sales department. Previously, my client placed an order of 200 metal chairs from us and requested express shipping. However, it’s been three days and he still hasn’t received them. Now he is complaining and asking us to deliver his products by the next business day. Otherwise he is cancelling the order. Could you help me trace order number 6 1 2 9 0 7 and check its current shipping status? I’m pretty sure there was still enough stock when the order was placed, so I believe there might be something wrong with the logistics since I will be out of the country this afternoon, please provide me with the updates of the order through email as soon as possible.

Thanks Number 4 Why is the speaker calling?

Number 5, what should the company do to avoid the cancellation?

Number 6, how should the listener give updates to the speaker?

Questions 7 through 9 refer to the following talk. Today, we need to finalize all the details about the education fair in mind. It’s basically the largest and the most crucial one as it provides visitors with the application details of the full semester. Obviously, that’s what most people are interested in. We need to make sure we choose a convenient venue close to a metro station, which is also big enough to contain at least 30 booths for the schools. In addition to the venue, we need to decide which platforms we will be posting our advertisements on since Mr Smith has already come up with several options, let’s do a poll at the end of the meeting. Number 7, what does the speaker want to focus on in today’s meeting?

Number 8, what does the speaker mean when he says, obviously, that’s what most people are interested in.

Number 9, what are the listeners asked to do at the end of the meeting?

Questions 1012 Refer to the following talk and graph. Are you ready for the children’s day long weekend? This year?

Dream World is also celebrating its 8th anniversary and is granting special prizes to lucky visitors like you. Bring your ID card with you when you visit during the five day holidays. If your ID number shows number 8, you are our special guest. Earn 1 free entrance. If your ID number has one. Number 8, earn a free meal at our family restaurant. If your ID has double eights, earn a beautiful mountain. If your ID shows triple 8 S, and if your number shows 4 or 4 eights in a row, you can even have a chance to win a draw for a round trip ticket to Hawaii. Search Www dot dreamworld dot com to see details of our game rules.

There are also many other surprises for you. Come to Dream World. Make your dreams come true. Number 10, when is Dream World giving out special prizes?

Number 11, look at the graphic. Which combination of the numbers can win a mountain bike?

Number 12, where is the destination for the prize of a round trip ticket?

Listening Test In the listening test, you will be asked to demonstrate how well you understand spoken English. The entire listening test will last approximately 45 minutes. There are four parts and directions are given. For each part. You must mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Do not write your answers in your testbook.

Part 1 Directions for each question In this part, you will hear 4 statements about a picture in your testbook. When you hear the statements, you best select the one statement that best describes what you see in the picture. Then find the number of the question on your answer sheet and mark your answer. The statements will not be printed in your test book and will be spoken only one time. Look at the example item below. Now listen to the four statements A, the man is speaking to his relative B, the photographer is taking pictures of a couple C, they are talking about a deal D, the man is interviewing another man, statement D, the man is interviewing another man is the best description of the picture. So you should select answer D and mark it on your answer sheet.

Look at the example item below. Now listen to the four statements A, the man is speaking to his relative B, the photographer is taking pictures of a couple, see they are talking about a deal D, the man is interviewing another man.

Number 1 a woman is talking on the phone BA woman is using a laptop CA woman is operating a printer D, a woman is talking to a customer. Number 2 A, there are six tables outdoors. B, people are queueing at the restaurant entrance. C menus are posted at the entrance. D the restaurant has closed down.

Number 3, a two men are arguing B1 of the women is using a laptop C, both men are wearing ties. D1 of the women is drinking water. Number 4 A, they are exchanging presents. B, there are two cups of drinks on the table. C, the man and the woman are shaking hands. D1 of the women is wearing a Panama hat. Number 5 A, there is a car blocking the lane. B, there are parking spaces available. C, there is a traffic jam on the road. D, there is a car accident. Number 6 a the products are neatly arranged on the shelves. BA couple is shopping. C, the woman is selecting products. D, the supermarket is having a promotion.

Number 7, a 2 workers are operating machinery. A man is directing the airplane for takeoff. See, the jet bridge is connected to the airplane. D, the airplane is on the runway.

Number 8 A, the woman is operating the mouse. B, the woman is flipping through books. C there are many stationary items on the table. D, the blinds are open.

Number 9 A, they are wearing long pants. B, there are many fallen leaves on the path. See, there is a river on the left side of the trail. D, they are running one after the other.

Number 10 A, the table is filled with dishes. B, they are celebrating at an outdoor restaurant. C, there are many balloons hanging on the wall. D everyone is holding a drink in their hands.

Number 11 A, the man is wearing an apron. B, the man is helping the woman pay at the checkout. See, the woman’s left hand is wearing a watch. D, the woman is drinking a cup of coffee.

Number 12 A, the wood in the fireplace is burning. B in the middle of the living room stands a Christmas tree. See, several Christmas stockings are hanging on the wall. D there is a blanket on the armchair.

Number 1 a woman is talking on the phone. BA woman is using a laptop. CA woman is operating a printer. D, a woman is talking to a customer. Number 2 A, there are six tables outdoors. B, people are queueing at the restaurant entrance. C menus are posted at the entrance. D the restaurant has closed down.

Number 3, a two men are arguing B1 of the women is using a laptop C, both men are wearing ties. D1 of the women is drinking water. Number 4, they are exchanging presents. B, there are two cups of drinks on the table. C, the man and the woman are shaking hands. D1 of the women is wearing a Panama hat. Number 5 A, there is a car blocking the lane. B, there are parking spaces available. C, there is a traffic jam on the road. D, there is a car accident.

Number 6 a the products are neatly arranged on the shelves. BA couple is shopping. C, the woman is selecting products. D, the supermarket is having a promotion.

Number 7, a 2 workers are operating machinery. A man is directing the airplane for takeoff. See, the jet bridge is connected to the airplane. D, the airplane is on the runway.

Number 8 A, the woman is operating the mouse. B, the woman is flipping through books. C there are many stationary items on the table. D, the blinds are open.

Number 9 A, they are wearing long pants. B, there are many fallen leaves on the path. See, there is a river on the left side of the trail. D, they are running one after the other.

Number 10 A, the table is filled with dishes. B, they are celebrating at an outdoor restaurant. C, there are many balloons hanging on the walls. D everyone is holding a drink in their hands.

Number 11 A, the man is wearing an apron. B, the man is helping the woman pay at the checkout. See, the woman’s left hand is wearing a watch. D, the woman is drinking a cup of coffee.

Number 12 A, the wood in the fireplace is burning. B in the middle of the living room stands at Christmas tree C, several Christmas stockings are hanging on the wall. D there is a blanket on the armchair. Part 2 directions you will hear a question or statement and three responses spoken in English. They will not be printed in your test book and will be spoken only one time. Select the best response to the question or statement and mark the letter AB, or c on your answer sheet. For example, you will hear, are you hiring an experienced accountant? You will also hear AI don’t like this job B, I am sorry we do not have any vacancies C She isn’t here?

The best response to the question are you hiring an experienced accountant? His choice B, I am sorry we do not have any vacancies, so B is the correct answer. You should mark answer B on your answer sheet.

For example, you will hear, are you hiring an experienced accountant? You will also hear AI don’t like this job. Me, I am sorry we do not have any vacancies. See, she isn’t here. The best response to the question are you hiring an experienced accountant is choice B? I am sorry we do not have any vacancies, so B is the correct answer. You should mark answer B on your answer sheet. Number one, who are you talking to on the phone? He the walkie talkie is on sale B Someone I went to school with C no, I can’t call you right now.

Number two, when will the section chief return from her business trip? You can expect to see her next Friday. The business trip to Japan isn’t very far. See? Yes, the section chief will resign next month.

Number 3, do you know how I can get to the train station? The train is coming in 10 minutes. B, The best way from here is to take a cab. See, yes, I know that the training session is over.

Number four, let’s enjoy the rest of the evening. He take a rest after you exercise B I’d love to see the dinner. Last night was enjoyable.

Number 5, do you think I should pay him a visit when I arrived there? Hey, no, it’s too expensive. B I’ll go to the downtown area first, see? Yes, that would be best. Number 6, the shuttle bus of your hotel runs every 15 minutes, doesn’t it? A yes at the front desk. B, actually it runs every 20 minutes, see? I’ll let the driver know.

Number 7, which is your favorite k-pop group A I’m not that big of a pop music fan. B yes, I love popcorn with cola. See, this is my favorite color of cars. Number 8, who’s going to be in charge of the monthly meeting next time? A they won’t charge us until next month? B, I think it’s Andy’s turn. C, we will meet in September again. Number 9, please write down your address. Hey, he’ll now address the meeting. B, yes, just ride down the street. See at the cross here? Number 10, do you think the event will start on time? Hey, we’re almost there B I’m not sure who’s coming. See, there might be a short delay.

Number 11, can I use the folder on the shelf? AI don’t think you should fold it be on the top rack, see? But it’s falling apart though.

Number 12, would you mind arriving earlier tomorrow morning? AI always turn in my report on time B Sorry, I have to take my kids to school. See, there’s no time for this. Number 13, where’s the emergency exit of the lecture hall? A, it’s an urgent case. B, can anyone call the lecturer? See on the left of the podium? Number 14, would you prefer tea or coffee? He either one will do me. She is just teasing. You see, he’s been coughing since yesterday.

Number 15, I won’t be able to get my admission feedback back if I miss the event, right? A yes, it’s non refund ifunda B, you should cancel the event C, it’s administered by the accountant. Number 16, when did you contact the technician? He there’s nothing wrong with it. B, I called at around 4 30. See, his colleague arrived a while ago.

Number 17, what’s the weather like in Korea? A, it’s still pretty cool. B, I try to walk as much as possible. See, he is a well weathered manager.

Number 18, will you send a reminder to all the attendees of the meeting A they have the meeting minutes B I’ll remind him later. See, not a problem at all.

Number 19, why did Tom do so badly in school? They both are madly in love me. He never listens to his teacher, see, because I’m riding a scooter. Number 20, when will you leave for New York? He, I stayed there for two weeks. B My flight is scheduled on June 3. CA new work location will be announced next week. Number 21, why is it so stuffy in this meeting room? He it’s been raining for a week. B, the ventilation system is not working. See, you should call Mr Lynn’s assistant. Number 22 is that new Japanese restaurant. Very expensive. No, actually, it’s pretty reasonable me that Mercedes is really expensive. See, let me give you a hint.

Number 23, when are you going to remodel your house? AI have a dog and a cat B can you recommend a good teacher for me? See, well, maybe in September. Number 24, do you want to leave a message for Mr Smith? A no, it’s okay. I’ll try his cell phone. B, there are four messages for you Mr Smith, see, all right I’m ready to face the music.

Number 25, where is the north building? I can’t find it. AI will send you an installation guide later. B, go straight this way and you’ll see it on the right. See, I can’t find my keys. Number 26, would you like sugar in your tea? No, just cream please. B, I prefer tea to coffee. C, please give me a minute. Number 27, how about having dinner together after work? He are you interested in reading B? Good idea. Let’s also invite Mary. See, I usually eat dinner at 6 PM.

Number 28, How often does Bus 92 run A, it goes to the city hall B, the bus is really clean. See every 15 minutes.

Number 29, why don’t you ask Tim for help? He, well, I know he himself is busy enough. B, I wear many hats in the company, see? I’ll call his cell phone.

Number 30, did you update these files? Tim? A Yes I did. All figures are up to date. B, let me check your computer programs. See, I put those files on your desk.

Number one, who were you talking to on the phone? A the walkie talkie is on sale. B Someone I went to school with. See, no, I can’t call you right now.

Number two, when will the section chief return from her business trip? You can expect to see her next Friday. The business trip to Japan isn’t very far. See? Yes, the section chief will resign next month.

Number 3, do you know how I can get to the train station? A, The train is coming in 10 minutes. B, the best way from here is to take a cab. C Yes, I know that the training session is over.

Number four, let’s enjoy the rest of the evening. Take a rest after you exercise B I’d love to see the dinner. Last night was enjoyable.

Number 5, do you think I should pay him a visit when I arrived there? Hey, no, it’s too expensive. B I’ll go to the downtown area first, see? Yes, that would be best.

The shuttle bus of your hotel runs every 15 minutes. Doesn’t a yes at the front desk B? Actually it runs every 20 minutes, see? I’ll let the driver know.

Number 7, which is your favorite k-pop group A I’m not that big of a pop music fan. B yes, I love popcorn with cola. See, this is my favorite color of cars. Number 8, who’s going to be in charge of the monthly meeting next time? A they won’t charge us until next month? B, I think it’s Andy’s turn. See, we will meet in September again. Number 9, please write down your address A he’ll now address the meeting B, yes, just ride down the street. C at the cross here.

Number 10, do you think the event will start on time? A We’re almost there B I’m not sure who’s coming. See, there might be a short delay. Number 11, can I use the folder on the shelf? AI don’t think you should fold it be on the top rack C, but it’s falling apart though.

Number 12, would you mind arriving earlier tomorrow morning? I always turn in my report on time. B, sorry, I have to take my kids to school. See, there’s no time for this. Number 13, where’s the emergency exit of the lecture hall? A, it’s an urgent case. B, can anyone call the lecturer? See on the left of the podium? Number 14, would you prefer tea or coffee? He either one will do me. She is just teasing. You see, he’s been coughing since yesterday. Number 15, I won’t be able to get my admission feedback back if I miss the event. Right? A yes, it’s non-refundable. You should cancel the event. C, it’s administered by the accountant.

Number 16, when did you contact the technician? Hey, there’s nothing wrong with it. B, I called at around 4 30. See, his colleague arrived a while ago.

Number 17, what’s the weather like in Korea? Hey, it’s still pretty cool. B, I try to walk as much as possible. C He is a well weathered manager.

Number 18, will you send a reminder to all the attendees of the meeting A they have the meeting minutes B I’ll remind him later. See, not a problem at all.

Number 19, why did Tom do so badly in school? They both are madly in love me. He never listens to his teacher, see, because I’m riding a scooter. Number 20, when will you leave in New York? He, I stayed there for two weeks. B My flight is scheduled on June 3. CA new work location will be announced next week. Number 21, why is it so stuffy in this meeting room? He it’s been raining for a week. B, the ventilation system is not working, see you should call Mr lynde’s assistant. Number 22 is that new Japanese restaurant, Very expensive. He no, actually, it’s pretty reasonable. B that Mercedes is really expensive. See, let me give you a hint.

Number 23, when are you going to remodel your house? AI have a dog and a cat B can you recommend a good teacher for me? See, well, maybe in September. Number 24, do you want to leave a message for Mr Smith? Hey, no, it’s okay. I’ll try his cell phone. B, there are four messages for you Mr Smith, see, all right I’m ready to face the music. Number 25, where is the north building? I can’t find it. AI will send you an installation guide later. B, go straight this way and you’ll see it on the right. See, I can’t find my keys.

Number 26, would you like sugar in your tea? No, just cream please. B, I prefer tea to coffee. C, please give me a minute. Number 27, how about having dinner together after work? A Are you interested in reading? B? Good idea. Let’s also invite Mary. See, I usually eat dinner at 6 PM.

Number 28, How often does Bus 92 run A, it goes to the city hall B, the bus is really clean C every 15 minutes.

Number 29, why don’t you ask Tim for help? He, well, I know he himself is busy enough. B, I wear many hats in the company, see? I’ll call his cell phone.

Number 30, did you update these files? Tim? He? Yes I did. All figures are up to date. B, let me check your computer programs. See, I put those files on your desk.

Part 3 directions You will hear some conversations between two or more people. You will be asked to answer three questions about what the speakers say. In each conversation, select the best response to each question and mark the letter ABC, or d on your answer sheet. The conversations will not be printed in your test book and will be spoken only one time.

Questions 1 through three refer to the following conversation. Hi I’d like to take a flight to Irvine. Oh, you can take the 12 o’clock flight which arrives at 1 point 15 Is that a lunch flight? No, there are only soft drinks served on the flight, but we do have a small shop on the second floor near the boarding gate that sells burgers and sandwiches. That’ll do. I’d like to book the 12 o’clock flight to Irvine. Okay, here is your ticket, sir. Number one, where are the speakers?

Number 2, what does the man ask about the flight?

Number 3, what will the man likely do before the flight?

Questions 4 through 6 refer to the following conversation. Rick, when are you going to take your lunch break? Well I’ll go at 1 o’clock after I finish preparing this leafing. I usually go for lunch later at about 1 o’clock and come back by two, Going to lunch later and coming back later makes me feel like the after hours are a little shorter, is that so? That may be true, but I can’t bear working on an empty stomach for that long. I think I need to eat around 12 o’clock. Well, you could snack on something at mid morning like I do. Number 4, what are they talking about?

Number 5, why does the man usually go for his lunch break late?

Number 6, what time does the man usually go for lunch?

Questions 7 through 9 refer to the following conversation. Stephanie, can you order some lunch boxes for the meeting? There are 12 of us in total. Wait, why do you need lunch boxes? I thought the meeting was at 11 o’clock, it will be finished before the lunch break, won’t it? No, originally we were only going to discuss matters related to employee training and the establishment of the Vietnam branch. However, the agenda was expanded to include the annual budget, so the meeting will likely extend into the lunch period. It would be safer to order food first in case the meeting ends late.

And will Robert and Jessica be attending the meeting as well? Are there any other vegetarians? Just the two of them. Number 7, what time does the meeting start?

Number, what will they talk about at the meeting?

Number 9, how many non vegetarian lunch boxes will the woman order?

Questions 10 through 12 refer to the following conversation.

Good morning Fun Shop is Daniel. How may I bought a camera from your online shop and made the payment already two weeks ago, but I still haven’t received the goods yet. Can you check for me why it is taking so long? Could you give me the payment receipt number please? It’s 5 2 5 6 7 9 0 3 5, Okay, Oh I’m sorry ma’am. The camera is still in our warehouse. There have been some internal issues in our factory and that has caused the shipments to be delayed. I’ll make a special request to our shipping department and make sure it is shipped today, it should take two to three days to be delivered to your address. We’re sorry for the inconvenience.

Number 10, what did the woman purchase from the online shop?

Number 11, where are the goods now?

Number 12, how will the man help the woman?

Questions 13 through 15 refer to the following conversation.

Hey Mary, I can’t believe it. Another week is over. What are you gon na do? This weekend one of my relatives is coming to visit and I need to show her around the city. Sounds not bad. Well I need to do some household chores on Saturday and probably need to work a bit on Sunday. Sunday work? Are you serious? Well, yeah, my budget plan is due next Tuesday though. Oh, that’s no fun, right? I know the thing is that after the budget review meeting next week I’m taking my vacation, okay, so that you can relax a bit then anyway, if you need any assistance with the plan, just let me know. Number 13, what are the speakers talking about?

Number 14, what is the woman going to do on the weekend?

Number 15, what does the man need to do next Tuesday?

Question 16 through 18 Refer to the following conversation. Miss Smith, are you ready to discuss my marketing plan? Yes, of course Ray, right? So you’ve proposed to expand international markets. I do think that this way we’re going to increase our revenue. I understand what you mean, but have you considered conducting a market survey first? Also from your Is marketing and sales like I need to do more to expanding international markets is a wonderful idea, but what we need to do first is to develop effective strategies and workable goals. You’re right Miss Smith. I’ll revise the report and send you an updated one next week. Sure, that would be great. Number 16, who is most likely the woman?

Number 17, what is the woman’s suggestion?

Number 18, what is the man going to do next?

Questions 19 through 21 refer to the following conversation. Excuse me, sir, is this seat taken? No it’s not, please feel you good seminar, isn’t it? I think the AI session presented by Jack Wills was very impressive. Yeah, it was, hi I’m Jerry Goods from Chicago, and I’m Mary Smith from New York, nice to meet you. So Mary, are you working in the tech industry? Yes I am I’m working on my first machine learning project and I think it’s really exciting. Oh, really? I’m a data analyst designing machine learning schemes too, and that’s why I’m here attending this AI seminar. Number 19, where is the conversation most likely taking place?

Number 20, in which field are the speakers working?

Number 21, what does the woman say about her job?

Questions 22 through 24 refer to the following conversation and graph. Welcome to Fitness Jim. I’m your health consultant. Hank, how may I help you? I’d like to inquire about your programs. My doctor suggested that I start exercising, he said I need to lose weight and increase muscular endurance. Oh, you are in the right place. Exercise is very important for a healthy lifestyle and besides, our anniversary sale will last till the following Wednesday. Sounds interesting? Tell me more about it.

We have a basic monthly fee of $1000.Youarefreetouseallofthefacilitiesincludingtheweighttraining,aerobicsroom,treadmills,bicyclesplusshowers,saunaandsteamroom.DoIgetadiscountrateifIbecomealongtermmember?Yes,ifyousignacontractnowforoneyearandprepaytheannualfee,yousave$2000. This is more cost effective compared to quarterly payment or semi anual payment. That sounds great to me. I’ll go with this membership plan number 22 what’s the purpose of the woman’s visit?

Number 23, what can’t women do at fitness gym?

Number 24, look at the graphic. How much will the woman pay for her membership?

Questions 25 through 27 refer to the following conversation and graph.

Miss Harvey, show me the sales report of this year so far. Yes, Mr Darling, this is what we have for the past 11 months of the year. It doesn’t look good. The sales dropped dramatically for the first three seasons and it only started to pick up a little for the fourth season. Did the sales discuss the countermeas? Yes, the department members met for a meeting yesterday and tried to come up with ideas to promote the year end sale. We all agree that we can try to market our products as Christmas presents targeting young adults. Good, I expect by the end of December sales should climb back up to first season. Standards number 25 What time is it when the speakers are talking?

Number 26, what did the sales department decide to do to promote sales?

Number 27, look at the graph. What are the sales Mr Darley expects to see for the fourth season?

Questions 1 through three refer to the following conversation. Hi I’d like to take a flight to Irvine. Oh, you can take the 12 o’clock flight which arrives at 1 15. Is that a lunch flight? No, there are only soft drinks served on the flight, but we do have a small shop on the second floor near the boarding gate that sells burgers and sandwiches that I’d like to book the 12 o’clock flight to Irvine. Okay, here’s your ticket, sir. Number one, where are the speakers?

Number 2, what does the man ask about the flight?

Number 3, what will the man likely do before the flight?

Questions 4 through 6 refer to the following conversation. Rick, when are you going to take your lunch break? Well I’ll go at 1 o’clock after I finish preparing this briefing. I usually go for lunch later at about 1 o’clock and come back by two, Going to lunch later and coming back later makes me feel like the after hours are a little shorter, is that so? That may be true, but I can’t bear working on an empty stomach for that long. I think I need to eat around 12 o’clock. Well, you could snack on something at mid morning like I do. Number 4, what are they talking about?

Number 5, why does the man usually go for his lunch break late?

Number 6, what time does the man usually go for lunch?

Questions 7 through 9 refer to the following conversation. Stephanie, can you order some lunchboxes for the meeting? There are 12 of us in total. Wait, why do you need lunch boxes? I thought the meeting was at 11 o’clock, it will be finished before the lunch break, won’t it? No, originally we were only going to discuss matters related to employee training and the establishment of the Vietnam branch. However, the agenda was expanded to include the annual budget, so the meeting will likely extend into the lunch period. It would be safer to order food first in case the meeting ends late.

Alright, and will Robert and Jessica be attending the meeting as well? Are there any other vegetarians? Just the two of them. Number 7, what time does the meeting start?

Number 8, what will they talk about at the meeting?

Number 9, how many non vegetarian lunch boxes will the woman order?

Questions 10 through 12 refer to the following conversation. Good morning Fun Shop is Daniel. How may I bought a camera from your online shop and made the payment already two weeks ago, but I still haven’t received the goods yet. Can you check for me why it is taking so long? Could you give me the payment receipt number please?

It’s 5 2 5 6 7 9 0 3 5. Okay, oh I’m sorry where the camera is still in our warehouse. There have been some internal issues in our factory and that has caused the shipments to be delayed. I’ll make a special request to our shipping department and make sure it is shipped today. It should take two to three days to be delivered to your address. We’re sorry for the inconvenience. Number 10, what did the woman purchase from the online shop?

Number 11, where are the goods now?

Number 12, how will the man help the woman?

Questions 13 through 15 refer to the following conversation.

Hey Mary, I can’t believe it. Another week is over. What are you going to do? This weekend one of my relatives is coming to visit and I need to show her around the city. Sounds not bad. Well, I need to do some household chores on Saturday and probably need to work a bit on Sunday. Sunday work? Are you serious? Well, yeah, my budget plan is due next Tuesday though. Oh, that’s no fun, right? I know the thing is that after the budget review meeting next week I’m taking my vacation, okay, so that you can relax a bit then anyway, if you need any assistance with the plan, just let me know. Number 13, what are the speakers talking about?

Number 14, what is the woman going to do on the weekend?

Number 15, what does the man need to do next Tuesday?

16 through 18 refer to the following conversation. Miss Smith, are you ready to discuss my marketing plan? Yes, of course Ray, right? So you’ve proposed to expand international markets. I do think that this way we’re gon na increase our revenue. I understand what you mean, but have you considered conducting a market survey first? Also, from your proposal, I don’t see clear marketing strategies and sales goals. Okay, sounds like I need to do more detailed planning. Exactly, expanding international markets is a wonderful idea, but what we need to do first is to develop effective strategies and workable goals.

You’re right Miss Smith. I’ll revise the report and send you an updated one next week. Sure that would be great. Number 16, who is most likely the woman?

Number 17, what is the woman’s suggestion?

Number 18, what is the man going to do next?

Questions 19 through 21 refer to the following conversation. Excuse me, sir, is this seat taken? No it’s not, please feel free you good seminar, isn’t it? I think the AI session presented by Jack Wills was very impressive. Yeah, it was, hi I’m Jerry Goods from Chicago, and I’m Mary Smith from New York, nice to meet you. So Mary, are you working in the tech industry? Yes I am I’m working on my first machine learning project and I think it’s really exciting. Oh, really? I’m a data analyst designing machine learning schemes too, and that’s why I’m here attending this AI seminar. Number 19, where is the conversation most likely taking place?

Number 20, in which field are the speakers working?

Number 21, what does the woman say about her job?

Questions 22 through 24 refer to the following conversation and graph. Welcome to Fitness Jim. I’m your health consultant. Hank, how may I you? I’d like to inquire about your programs? My doctor suggested that I start exercising, he said I need to lose weight and increase muscular endurance. Oh you are in the right place. Exercise is very important for a healthy lifestyle and besides, our anniversary sale will last till the following Wednesday. Sounds interesting? Tell me more about it.

We have a basic monthly fee of $1000.Youarefreetouseallofthefacilitiesincludingtheweighttraining,aerobicsroom,treadmills,bicyclesplusshowers,saunaandsteamroom.DoIgetadiscountrateifIbecomealongtermmember?Yes,ifyousignacontractnowforoneyearandprepaytheannualfee,yousave$2000. This is more cost effective compared to quarterly payment or semi anual payment. That sounds great to me. I’ll go with this membership plan number 22 What’s the purpose of the woman’s visit?

Number 23, what can’t women do at fitness gym?

Number 24, look at the graphic. How much will the woman pay for her membership?

Questions 25 through 27 refer to the following conversation and graph.

Miss Harvey, show me the sales report of this year so far. Yes, Mr Darling, this is what we have for the past 11 months of the year. It doesn’t look good. The sales dropped dramatically for the first three seasons and it only started to pick up a little for the fourth season. Did the sales department discuss the countermeasures for this situation? Members met for a. Meeting come up with ideas to promote the year end sale. We all agree that we can try to market our products as Christmas presents targeting young adults. Good, I expect by the end of December sales should climb back up to first season Standards number 25 What time is it when the speakers are talking?

Number 26, what did the sales department decide to do to promote sales?

Number 27, look at the graph. What are the sales Mr Darley expects to see for the fourth season?

Part 4 directions You will hear some talks given by a single speaker. You will be asked to answer three questions about what the speaker says. In each talk, select the best response to each question and mark the letter ABC, or d on your answer sheet. The talks will not be printed in your testbook and will be spoken only one time. Questions 1 through three refer to the following talk.

Good morning Mr Miller. I’m Alicia calling from the 18% Bistro. I received your order for the dinner party scheduled on March 14. There is one detail about the food order I need to confirm with you as I recall all the guests attending or vegetarians. However, one of the dishes you’ve ordered, the classic shepherd’s pie, contains lamb filling. I would suggest that you switch it to our famous spinach cheese pie, which is 100% meat free. Please give me a call and let me know if this alternative works for you. Thank you Number one why is the speaker calling?

Number 2, what does the speaker suggest the listener do?

Number three, why should the listener return the call?

Questions 4 through 6 refer to the following announcement. Thank you all for attending today’s meeting. As usual, each department will be presenting its ongoing projects and monthly reports. I know you can’t wait to start the serious stuff, but let’s begin today’s meeting with great news.

I’m glad to announce that Miss Jessica Wilson has been recently promoted as the head of our customer service department. As a customer service manager for nearly 10 years, she possesses excellent communication and problem solving techniques which are extremely crucial to the gaming industry. Her patience in dealing with customer complaints and handling tough requests is exceptional. To celebrate her accomplishments, we will be holding a promotion party for her this Friday night at Bella’s Fine Dining. Please let me know by tonight if you’ll be joining the party. Number 4, what is the purpose of the announcement?

Number 5, what does the speaker mean when she says, I know you can’t wait to start the serious stuff?

Number 6, according to the speaker, what’s Jessica Wilson’s strong point?

Questions 7 through 9 refer to the following talk.

Looking for a boost to advance your career? Elite Business School is here for you. We provide various business training courses that help to generate value to your career. Our programs range from developing cross functional business skills to sharpening leadership skills. What’s more, elite business school hires the best instructors that have more than 20 years of managerial experience in the top 10 companies in the us. In addition to the class hours, you’ll get a free one on one consultation service from the instructors during their office hours. An early bird discount will be offered to applicants registering more than two months prior to the first day of the programs. For more information, please visit our website at Www dot Elite bussiness Mucho lo dot com number 7 What type of training does Elite Business School offer?

Number 8, what service can students get for free?

Number 9, who will be qualified for the early bird discount?

Questions 10 through 12 refer to the following talk. Hello, welcome to the Easy Breeze podcast. I’m your host, Amy Lee. In today’s show, we will be interviewing the famous female director, Madeline Woods, who started her own production company 10 years ago because of the lack of leading roles for women in the movie industry, Madeline is currently working on a new documentary, a fair chance that raises awareness of gender inequality in the workplace. She challenges gender stereotypes and promotes the benefits of workplace gender equality, showcasing success stories of the companies that give fair treatment to both male and female employees. After the interview, our music critic Adam Stiller will be reviewing the latest album standout from hip hop artist Jetty J number 10. What is this podcast mainly about?

Number 11, what is the purpose of the new documentary?

Number 12, What will be reviewed at the end of the show?

Questions 13 through 15 refer to the following talk. Thank you for joining the City Walking Tour with me today. I’m your guide Andy. In today’s tour, we will be covering 9 city blocks of downtown Columbus. I’ll be sharing with you some fantastic stories in the past as we walk along and let you know how the thirst for gold literally changed the landscape of this city. Our tour today includes the admission to the Columbus Museum, a 30% discount on select items in the souvenir shop and after tea at the City Inn. Built in 1915, the City Inn used to be a historic home, The Gold Rush Pioneer Mr Alex Search but has now been transformed and refurbished as a bed and breakfast. Number 13, Who most likely are the listeners?

Number 14, what is not included in today’s tour?

Number 15, what did the City Inn used to be in the past?

Question 16 through 18 Refer to the following advertisement.

The business world is extremely complex. As an entrepreneur, the situations can sometimes be paralyzing. That’s why you need expert business startup consultants to help you with the early stages of your enterprise. Orbit has spent more than 23 years providing advice and guidance for various organizational sectors around the world. Our services range from financial strategy and risk management to organizational setups. What’s more, our consultants work directly with our clients to help them identify the most crucial procedures while providing guidance which is helpful for urgent circumstances. Schedule a meeting with us right now by filling out the online form below. Our consultants will contact you at their earliest convenience. Number 16 What service does this company provide?

Number 17, what’s special about their service?

Number 18, what does the speaker mean when she says our consultants will contact you at their earliest convenience?

Questions 19 through 21 refer to the following advertisement.

Hello, this is Dr madie Tyler from Olin, we recently opened a second clinic on Harrison Road, right beside the farmers market. In our new clinic, we provide a full spectrum of services to our patients. Our primary care services include routine wellness checks, sick visits, chronic disease management, and regular health checks. As community caregivers, we also work as navigators to other specialty medical care and make relevant referrals, such as for mental health and substance abuse programs. Since it’s a newly opened clinic, we’re now providing free health checks to the first 50 patients. What are you waiting for? Come give us a visit and get your health check for free. Number 19, what is this advertisement mainly about?

Number 20, according to the speaker, what can they do for people who need specialty care?

Number 21, what special offer is provided?

Questions 22 through 24 refer to the following advertisement and graph. Are you a music lover? Do you have some old vinyl records for sale? Or do you want to buy rare in the market records which have been out of print? Let us help you. Our Music Shop Restore is an antique store that buys and recycles second hand musical equipment. We established the shop 20 years ago and have helped more than 1000 clients successfully resell their old records. Call us toll Free at 1 800 Restore. We’ll send personnel for free valuation number 22 What is this ad about?

Number 23, what kind of service did the speaker mention?

Number 24, look at the graphic. If you have 10 old records, how much possibly can you sell for?

Questions 25 through 27 refer to the following talk and graph. Let’s start the year end meeting. Thanks to everyone’s efforts, the revenue of our gym reached a record high this year. Even during the off season, we still managed to have 5% growth when compared to the same time last year, but in spite of the overall good performance, this last quarter’s revenue did not grow as much as we planned due to another competitor opening up in November next door, the number of new members joining decreased for the first time in six months in December. This is alarming. Number 25, look at the graphic. What was the percentage growth of quarter two last year?

Number 26, which line of business is the speaker in.

Number 27, what does the speaker mean by saying this is alarming?

Questions 1 through three refer to the following talk. Good morning, Mr Miller. I’m Alicia calling from the 18% Bistro. I received your order for the dinner party scheduled on March 14. There is one detail about the food order I need to confirm with you, as I recall all the guests attending are vegetarians, However, one of the dishes you’ve ordered, the classic shepherd’s pie, contains lamb filling. I would suggest that you switch it to our famous spinach cheese pie, which is 100% meat free. Please give me a call and let me know if this alternative works for you. Thank you Number one why is the speaker calling?

Number 2, what does the speaker suggest the listener do?

Number three, why should the listener return the call?

Questions 4 through 6 refer to the following announcement. Thank you all for attending today’s meeting. As usual, each department will be presenting its ongoing projects and monthly reports. I know you can’t wait to start the serious stuff, but let’s begin today’s meeting with great news.

I’m glad to announce that Miss Jessica Wilson has been recently promoted as the head of our customer service department. As a customer service manager for nearly 10 years, she possesses excellent communication and problem solving techniques which are extremely crucial to the gaming industry. Her patience in dealing with customer complaints and handling tough requests is exceptional. To celebrate her accomplishments, we will be holding a promotion party for her this Friday night at Bella’s Fine Dining. Please let me know by tonight if you’ll be joining the party. Number 4, what is the purpose of the announcement?

Number 5, what does the speaker mean when she says, I know you can’t wait to start the serious stuff?

Number 6, according to the speaker, what’s Jessica Wilson’s strong point?

Questions 7 through 9 refer to the following talk.

Looking for a boost to advance your career? Elite Business School is here for you. We provide various business training courses that help to generate value to your career. Our programs range from developing cross functional business skills to sharpening leadership skills. What’s more, elites business school hires the best instructors that have more than 20 years of managerial experience in the top 10 companies in the us. In addition to the class hours, you’ll get a free one on one consultation from the instructors during their office hours. An early bird discount will be offered to applicants registering more than two months prior to the first day of the programs. For more information, please visit our website at Www dot Elite Bussiness Mucho lo dot com number 7 What type of training does Elite Business School offer?

Number 8, what service can students get for free?

Number 9, who will be qualified for the early bird discount?

Questions 1012 refer to the following talk. Hello, welcome to the Easy Breeze podcast. I’m your host, Amy Lee. In today’s show, we will be interviewing the famous female director, Madeline Woods, who started her own production company 10 years ago because of the lack of leading roles for women in the movie industry, Madeline is currently working on a new documentary, a fair chance that raises awareness of gender inequality in the workplace. She challenges gender stereotypes and promotes the benefits of workplace gender equality, showcasing success stories of the companies that give fair treatment to both male and female employees. After the interview, our music critic Adam styer will be reviewing the latest album standout from Hip hop artist Jetty J number 10. What is this podcast mainly about?

Number 11, what is the purpose of the new documentary?

Number 12, What will be reviewed at the end of the show?

Questions 13 through 15 refer to the following talk. Thank you for joining the City Walking Tour with me today. I’m your guide Andy. In today’s tour, we will be covering 9 city blocks of downtown Columbus. I’ll be sharing with you some fantastic stories in the past as we walk along and let you know how the thirst for gold literally changed the landscape of this city. Our tour today includes the admission to the Columbus Museum, a 30% discount on select items in the souvenir shop and after tea at the City Inn. Built in 1915, the City Inn used to be a historic home for the Gold Rush Pioneer Mr Alex Search, but has now been transformed and refurbished as a bed and breakfast. Number 13, Who most likely are the listeners?

Number 14, what is not included in today’s tour?

Number 15, what did the City Inn used to be in the past?

Question 16 through 18 Refer to the following advertisement.

The business world is extremely complex. As an entrepreneur, the situations can sometimes be paralyzing. That’s why you need expert business startup consultants to help you with the early stages of your enterprise. Orbit has spent more than 23 years providing the advice and guidance for various organizational sectors around the world. Our services range from financial strategy and risk management to organizational setups. What’s more, our consultants work directly with our clients to help them identify the most crucial procedures while providing guidance which is helpful for urgent circumstances. Schedule a meeting with us right now by filling out the online form below. Our consultants will contact you at their earliest convenience. Number 16, what service does this company provide?

Number 17, what’s special about their service?

Number 18, what does the speaker mean when she says our consultants will contact you at their earliest convenience?

Questions 19 through 21 refer to the following advertisement. Hello, this is doctor Maddie Tyler from Olin Clinic.

We recently opened a second clinic on Harrison Road, right beside the farmers market. In our new clinic, we provide a full spectrum of services to our patients. Our primary care services include routine wellness checks, sick visits, chronic disease management, and regular health checks. As community caregivers, we also work as navigators to other specialty medical care and make relevant referrals, such as for mental health and substance abuse programs. Since it’s a newly opened clinic, we’re now providing free health checks to the first 50 patients. What are you waiting for? Come give us a visit and get your health check for free. Number 19, what is this advertisement mainly about?

Number 20, according to the speaker, what can they do for people who need specialty care?

Number 21, what special offer is provided?

Questions 22 through 24 refer to the following advertisement and graph. Are you a music lover? Do you have some old vinyl records for sale? Or do you want to buy rare in the market records which have been out of print? Let us help you. Our Music Shop Restore is an antique store that buys and recycles second hand musical equipment. We established the shop 20 years ago and have helped more than 1000 clients successfully resell their old records. Call us toll Free at 1 800 Restore. We’ll send personnel for free valuation number 22 What is this ad about?

Number 23, what kind of service did the speaker mention?

Number 24, look at the graphic. If you have 10 old records, how much possibly can you sell for?

Questions 25 through 27 refer to the following talk and graph. Let’s start the year end meeting. Thanks to everyone’s efforts, the revenue of our gym reached a record high this year. Even during the off season, we still managed to have 5% growth when compared to the same time last year, but in spite of the overall good performance, this last quarter’s revenue did not grow as much as we planned due to another competitor opening up in November next door, the number of new members joining decreased for the first time in six months in December. This is alarming. Number 25, look at the graphic. What was the percentage growth of quarter two last year?

Number 26, which line of business is the speaker in.

Number 27, what does the speaker mean by saying this is alarming?

Number 9 A, they are wearing long pants. B, there are many fallen leaves on the path. See, there is a river on the left side of the trail. D, they are running one after the other.

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